Chinese Medical Sciences Journal ›› 2023, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 97-108.doi: 10.24920/004188
吴蓓1,宋婉晴1,董金千2,岳红丽1,陆瑜1,于芸1,郝淑煜2,刘佰运2,崔伟华1,*()
收稿日期:
2022-11-03
接受日期:
2023-01-19
出版日期:
2023-06-30
发布日期:
2023-02-06
Bei Wu1,Wan-Qing Song1,Jin-Qian Dong2,Hong-Li Yue1,Yu Lu1,Yun Yu1,Shu-Yu Hao2,Bai-Yun Liu2,Wei-Hua Cui1,*()
Received:
2022-11-03
Accepted:
2023-01-19
Published:
2023-06-30
Online:
2023-02-06
Contact:
*摘要:
目的 本研究旨在探讨丙泊酚和七氟醚对创伤性颅脑外伤(traumatic brain injury,TBI)患者术后早期神经功能恢复的影响。
方法 我们回顾性分析了244例行去骨瓣或非去骨瓣减压手术的TBI患者的临床资料。应用广义相加混合模型比较丙泊酚和七氟醚对患者术后第1、3、7天格拉斯哥昏迷(Glasgow Coma Scale,GCS)评分影响的差异。采用多元回归分析比较两种麻醉药对患者出院时格拉斯哥结局量表(GOS)评分影响的差异。
结果 丙泊酚组与七氟醚组患者入院时GCS评分的差异无统计学意义(β = 0.75,95%CI:-0.55~2.05,P = 0.260)。在接受非去骨瓣减压手术的患者中,七氟醚组术后GCS评分较基线水平升高的值显著低于丙泊酚组:在术后第1天低1.73(95%CI:-2.81~-0.66,P = 0.002),在术后第3天低2.03(95%CI:-3.14~-0.91,P < 0.001),在术后第7天低1.31(95%CI:-2.43~-0.19,P = 0.022);在出院时,七氟醚组患者发生不良GOS评分(评分为1、2、3分)的风险较高(OR = 4.93,95%CI:1.05~23.03,P = 0.043)。在接受去骨瓣减压手术的患者中,两组GCS与GOS评分的差异无统计学意义。
结论 在接受非去骨瓣减压手术的TBI患者中,与丙泊酚相比,七氟醚可能与患者住院期间神经功能恢复较差相关;而在接受去骨瓣减压手术的TBI患者中,两者对患者神经功能恢复影响的差异不明显。
Bei Wu, Wan-Qing Song, Jin-Qian Dong, Hong-Li Yue, Yu Lu, Yun Yu, Shu-Yu Hao, Bai-Yun Liu, Wei-Hua Cui. Effects of Sevoflurane and Propofol on Neurological Recovery of Traumatic Brain Injury Patients in the Early Postoperative Stage: A Retrospective Cohort Study[J].Chinese Medical Sciences Journal, 2023, 38(2): 97-108.
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Items | Craniotomy (n=110) | Decompressive craniectomy (n=134) | Statistics | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (yrs, mean ± SD) | 46.99 ± 16.73 | 47.78 ± 15.48 | t = -0.38 | 0.704 |
Sex [n (%)] | χ2 = 0.24 | 0.625 | ||
Male | 85 (77.27) | 107 (79.85) | ||
Female | 25 (22.73) | 27 (20.15) | ||
GCS on admission (score, mean ± SD) | 11.46 ± 3.60 | 6.52 ± 3.54 | t = 10.76 | <0.001 |
Pupil reactivity on admission [n (%)] | χ2 = 71.76 | <0.001 | ||
Both reactive | 90 (83.33) | 55 (41.67) | ||
One reactive | 18 (16.67) | 15 (11.36) | ||
None reactive | 0 | 62 (46.97) | ||
Diagnosis [n (%)] | χ2 = 61.43 | <0.001 | ||
EDH | 65 (59.09) | 27 (20.30) | ||
SDH | 6 (5.45) | 42 (31.58) | ||
Cerebral contusion | 28 (25.45) | 51 (38.35) | ||
Diffuse cerebral swelling | 1 (0.91) | 11 (8.27) | ||
Skull fracture | 10 (9.09) | 2 (1.50) | ||
Hemoglobin on admission(g·L-1) | 135.34 (20.61) | 137.58 (20.55) | t = -0.85 | 0.397 |
CT findings on admission [n (%)] | χ2 = 36.74 | <0.001 | ||
Normal basal cistern | 54 (49.54) | 18 (13.64) | ||
Abnormal basal cistern | 55 (50.46) | 114 (86.36) | ||
Midline shift# (mm) | 3.11 [0.00-5.61(0.00-22.59)] | 6.24 [4.19-11.75(0.00-23.44)] | t = -6.08 | <0.001 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg, mean ± SD) | 134.77 ± 18.78 | 140.11 ± 27.56 | t = -1.70 | 0.090 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg, mean ± SD) | 79.62 ± 10.42 | 78.99 ± 15.55 | t = 0.35 | 0.723 |
Anesthesia maintenance [n (%)] | χ2 = 11.02 | <0.001 | ||
Propofol | 75 (68.18) | 63 (47.01) | ||
Sevoflurane | 35 (31.82) | 71 (52.99) | ||
Operation duration# (h) | 3.00 [2.50-4.00 (1.00-8.00)] | 3.50 [2.50-4.00 (1.00-8.50)] | t = 0.87 | 0.864 |
Intraoperative fluid# | ||||
Mannitol (ml·kg-1) | 0.00 [0.00-0.00[0.00-5.68)] | 0.00 [0.00-0.00(0.00-6.67)]) | t = -2.16 | 0.032 |
Crystalloid (ml·kg-1) | 25.00 [17.46-33.67(5.26-61.54)] | 31.25 [23.08-40.00(7.14-102.35)] | t = -3.93 | <0.001 |
Colloid (ml·kg-1) | 8.33 [6.85-12.50(0.00-26.67)] | 11.76 [7.69-14.93(0.00-31.25)] | t = -3.90 | <0.001 |
Autologous blood (ml·kg-1) | 0.00 [0.00-0.00(0.00-33.16)] | 3.12 [0.00-7.62(0.00-30.77)] | t = -4.01 | <0.001 |
PRBC (ml·kg-1) | 0.00 [0.00-0.00(0.00-7.43)] | 0.00 [0.00-3.25(0.00-18.35)] | t = -3.03 | 0.004 |
Plasma (ml·kg-1) | 0.00 [0.00-0.00(0.00-10.81)] | 0.00 [0.00-5.73(0.00-23.33)] | t = -4.57 | <0.001 |
Blood loss# (ml·kg-1) | 4.62 [2.50-8.62(0.00-68.42)] | 9.16 [4.56-19.80(0.81-69.23)] | t = -3.65 | <0.001 |
Urine volume# (ml·kg-1) | 10.00 [6.12-15.04(0.00-36.00)] | 11.76 [7.14-17.97(2.00-101.18)] | t = -2.51 | 0.058 |
Vasoactive drugs# | ||||
Atropine (mg) | 0.00 [0.00-0.00(0.00-1.50)]) | 0.00 [0.00-0.00(0.00-3.00)] | t = -0.06 | 0.951 |
Dopamine (mg) | 0.00 [0.00-0.00(0.00-51.70) )] | 0.00 [0.00-0.00(0.00-139.00)] | t = -2.07 | 0.057 |
Esmolol (mg) | 0.00 [0.00-0.00(0.00-100.00)] | 0.00 [0.00-0.00(0.00-400.00)] | t = -0.96 | 0.377 |
Epinephrine (mg) | 0.00 [0.00-0.00(0.00-0.00)] | 0.00 [0.00-0.00(0.00-17.00)] | t = -1.30 | 0.195 |
Norepinephrine (mg) | 0.00 [0.00-0.00(0.00-18.00)] | 0.00 [0.00-0.24(0.00-13.00)] | t = 0.79 | 0.385 |
Phenylephrine (mg) | 0.00 [0.00-0.00(0.00-28.00)] | 0.00 [0.00-0.00(0.00-48.00)] | t = -1.02 | 0.324 |
Length of hospitalization# (d) | 13.00 [9.00-17.00[1.00-124.00)] | 14.50 [6.00-22.75[0.00-69.00)] | t = -0.36 | 0.719 |
GCS on postoperative day 1[score, mean ± SD] | 11.34 ± 3.98 | 6.40 ± 3.96 | t = 9.35 | <0.001 |
GCS on postoperative day 3[score, mean ± SD] | 11.40 ± 4.19 | 7.52 ± 4.25 | t = 6.47 | <0.001 |
GCS on postoperative day 7[score, mean ± SD] | 12.39 ± 3.90 | 7.92 ± 4.44 | t = 7.35 | <0.001 |
GOS at discharge [n (%)] | t = 54.74 | <0.001 | ||
Unfavorable | 30 (27.52) | 100 (75.19) | ||
Favorable | 79 (72.48) | 33 (24.81) |
"
Items | Craniotomy | Decompressive craniectomy | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Propofol (n=75) | Sevoflurane (n=35) | Statistics | P value | Propofol (n=63) | Sevoflurane (n=71) | Statistics | P value | ||
Age (yrs, mean ± SD) | 46.36 ± 15.50 | 48.34 ± 19.28 | t = -0.58 | 0.565 | 47.21 ± 16.84 | 48.28 ± 14.27 | t = -0.40 | 0.690 | |
Sex [n (%)] | χ2 = 0.91 | 0.340 | χ2 =0.02 | 0.895 | |||||
Male | 56 (74.67) | 29 (82.86) | 50 (79.37) | 57 (80.28) | |||||
Female | 19 (25.33) | 6 (17.14) | 13 (20.63) | 14 (19.72) | |||||
GCS on admission (score, mean ± SD) | 11.31 ± 3.88 | 11.80 ± 2.94 | t = -0.67 | 0.506 | 6.76 ± 3.28 | 6.31 ± 3.77 | t = 0.74 | 0.463 | |
Pupil reactivity on admission [n (%)] | χ2 = 2.27 | 0.118 | χ2 = 2.12 | 0.347 | |||||
Both reactive | 58 (79.45) | 32 (91.43) | 29 (47.54) | 26 (36.62) | |||||
One reactive | 15 (20.55) | 3 (8.57) | 5 (8.20) | 10 (14.08) | |||||
None reactive | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 27 (44.26) | 35 (49.30) | |||||
Diagnosis [n (%)] | χ2 = 3.35 | 0.501 | χ2 = 3.47 | 0.483 | |||||
EDH | 45 (60.00) | 20 (57.14) | 14 (22.22) | 13 (18.57) | |||||
SDH | 5 (6.67) | 1 (2.86) | 17 (26.98) | 25 (35.71) | |||||
Cerebral contusion [n (%)] | 16 (21.33) | 12 (34.29) | 24 (38.10) | 27 (38.57) | |||||
Diffuse cerebral swelling [n (%)] | 1 (1.33) | 0 | 6 (9.52) | 5 (7.14) | |||||
Skull fracture [n (%)] | 8 (10.67) | 2 (5.71) | 2 (3.17) | 0 | |||||
Hemoglobin on admission (g·L-1, mean ± SD) | 134.87 ± 20.62 | 136.34 ± 20.86 | t = -0.35 | 0.728 | 138.05 ± 22.44 | 137.17 ± 18.87 | t = 0.25 | 0.806 | |
CT findings on admission [n (%)] | χ2 = 0.02 | 0.889 | χ2 = 0.08 | 0.782 | |||||
Normal basal cistern | 37 (50.00) | 17 (48.57) | 9 (14.52) | 9 (12.86) | |||||
Abnormal basal cistern | 37 (50.00) | 18 (51.43) | 53 (85.48) | 61 (87.14) | |||||
Midline shift# (mm) | 3.58 [0.00-5.78 (0.00-22.59)] | 2.73 [0.85-4.57 (0.00-12.98)] | t = 1.14 | 0.307 | 6.24 [4.25-11.09 (0.00-21.39)] | 6.24 [4.14-12.36 (0.00-23.44)] | t = -0.42 | 0.674 | |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg, mean ± SD) | 133.93 ± 15.17 | 136.53 ± 24.88 | t = -0.66 | 0.510 | 135.16 ± 25.18 | 144.51 ± 28.97 | t = -1.98 | 0.053 | |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg, mean ± SD) | 79.89 ± 10.02 | 79.06 ± 11.37 | t = 0.38 | 0.705 | 77.40 ± 13.42 | 80.41 ± 17.20 | t = -1.12 | 0.265 | |
Operation duration# (h) | 3.00 [2.25-3.50 (1.00-4.50)] | 3.50 [2.85-4.00 (1.00-8.00)] | t = 0.11 | 0.937 | 3.50 [2.50-4.22 (1.00-8.50)] | 3.00 [2.50-4.00 (1.50-3.50)] | t = -0.97 | 0.360 | |
Intraoperative fluids | |||||||||
Mannitol# (ml·kg-1) | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-5.68)] | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-3.68)] | t = -0.63 | 0.524 | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-6.67)] | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-5.56)] | t = -0.07 | 0.941 | |
Crystalloid# (ml·kg-1) | 25.00 [16.67-33.33(5.75-50.00)] | 28.57 [21.43-36.04 (5.26-61.54)] | t = -1.74 | 0.070 | 33.33 [23.95-42.00 (8.06-102.35)] | 29.41 [22.62-36.04 (7.14-60.34)] | t = 1.83 | 0.065 | |
Colloid# (ml·kg-1) | 8.33 [6.41-12.66 (0.00-26.67)] | 8.33 [7.14-11.81 (0.00-21.05)] | t = -0.38 | 0.730 | 11.76 [7.69-15.24 (5.00-31.25)] | 11.90 [7.30-14.29 (0.00-27.27)] | t = 0.10 | 0.924 | |
Autologous blood# (ml·kg-1) | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-23.33)] | 0.00 [0.00-3.62 (0.00-33.16)] | t = -1.23 | 0.153 | 0.00 [0.00-7.92 (0.00-30.77)] | 3.79 [0.00-7.41 (0.00-20.00)] | t = -0.42 | 0.673 | |
PRBC# (ml·kg-1) | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-7.43)] | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-5.47)] | t = -0.03 | 0.977 | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-18.35)] | 0.00 [0.00-3.25 (0.00-9.45)] | t = 0.96 | 0.327 | |
Plasma# (ml·kg-1) | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-10.81)] | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-8.42)] | t = -0.58 | 0.535 | 0.00 [0.00-6.13 (0.00-18.82)] | 0.00 [0.00-5.62 (0.00-23.33)] | t = 0.47 | 0.639 | |
Blood loss# (ml·kg-1) | 4.00 [2.35-8.33 (0.00-60.00)] | 5.45 [4.00-8.79 (0.61-68.42)] | t = -0.82 | 0.371 | 7.27 [4.00-18.75 (0.81-69.23)] | 10.91 [5.88-20.00 (1.25-53.85)] | t = -0.38 | 0.703 | |
Urine volume# (ml·kg-1) | 9.20 [5.71-13.16 (0.00-30.00)] | 12.24 [6.82-15.87 (3.16-36.00)] | t = -1.39 | 0.157 | 12.31 [8.00-20.00(3.08-101.18)] | 10.67 [6.25-15.38 (2.00-45.45)] | t = 2.01 | 0.056 | |
Intraoperative vasoactive drugs | |||||||||
Atropine# (mg) | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-1.50)] | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-0.00)] | t = 1.72 | 0.247 | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-3.00)] | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-1.00)] | t = 0.54 | 0.572 | |
Dopamine# (mg) | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-39.60)] | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-51.70)] | t = -0.50 | 0.547 | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-122.00)] | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-139.00)] | t = -0.18 | 0.855 | |
Esmolol# (mg) | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-100.00)] | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-60.00)] | t = -0.21 | 0.847 | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-230.00)] | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-400.00)] | t = -0.52 | 0.614 | |
Epinephrine# (mg) | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-0.00)] | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-0.00)] | - | - | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-17.00)] | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-5.79)] | t = 0.65 | 0.495 | |
Norepinephrine# (mg) | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-18.00)] | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-3.42)] | t = 1.00 | 0.497 | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-13.00)] | 0.00 [(0.00-0.50 (0.00-2.77)] | t = 0.70 | 0.460 | |
Phenylephrine# (mg) | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-28.00)] | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-3.50)] | t = 1.02 | 0.480 | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-7.00)] | 0.00 [0.00-0.00 (0.00-48.00)] | t = -1.58 | 0.139 |
"
Items | Craniotomy group | Decompressive craniectomy group | Total | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β (95%CI) | P value | β (95%CI) | P value | β (95%CI) | P value | |||
Unadjusted | ||||||||
Propofol on admission | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||||
Sevoflurane on admission | 0.59 (-1.00, 2.18) | 0.470 | -0.23 (-1.64, 1.19) | 0.755 | 0.10 (-0.95, 1.15) | 0.853 | ||
Propofol postoperative day 1 | 0.53 (-0.10, 1.16) | 0.098 | 0.05 (-0.62, 0.73) | 0.878 | 0.31 (-0.16, 0.77) | 0.195 | ||
Propofol postoperative day 3 | 0.82 (0.17, 1.46) | 0.014 | 0.54 (-0.18, 1.27) | 0.145 | 0.69 (0.21, 1.18) | 0.005 | ||
Propofol postoperative day 7 | 1.52 (0.86, 2.17) | <0.001 | 1.16 (0.38, 1.93) | 0.004 | 1.36 (0.86, 1.86) | <0.001 | ||
Sevoflurane-Propofol postoperative day 1 | -1.73 (-2.79, -0.68) | 0.001 | -0.57 (-1.50, 0.36) | 0.234 | -1.07 (-1.76, -0.38) | 0.003 | ||
Sevoflurane-Propofol postoperative day 3 | -1.96 (-3.04, -0.87) | <0.001 | 0.08 (-0.92, 1.07) | 0.876 | -0.72 (-1.45, 0.00) | 0.052 | ||
Sevoflurane-Propofol postoperative day 7 | -1.27 (-2.36, -0.18) | 0.023 | -0.47 (-1.50, 0.57) | 0.376 | -0.83 (-1.56, -0.09) | 0.029 | ||
Adjusted | ||||||||
Propofol on admission | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||||
Sevoflurane on admission | 0.75 (-0.55, 2.05) | 0.260 | -0.03 (-1.11, 1.05) | 0.959 | 0.25 (-0.59, 1.09) | 0.555 | ||
Propofol postoperative day 1 | 0.53 (-0.11, 1.17) | 0.105 | 0.07 (-0.61, 0.76) | 0.833 | 0.31 (-0.15, 0.78) | 0.188 | ||
Propofol postoperative day 3 | 0.86 (0.20, 1.52) | 0.011 | 0.54 (-0.20, 1.28) | 0.152 | 0.70 (0.21, 1.19) | 0.005 | ||
Propofol postoperative day 7 | 1.55 (0.88, 2.22) | <0.001 | 1.17 (0.38, 1.96) | 0.004 | 1.38 (0.87, 1.88) | <0.001 | ||
Sevoflurane-Propofol postoperative day 1 | -1.73 (-2.81, -0.66) | 0.002 | -0.59 (-1.54, 0.36) | 0.225 | -1.08 (-1.78, -0.38) | 0.003 | ||
Sevoflurane-Propofol postoperative day 3 | -2.03 (-3.14, -0.91) | <0.001 | 0.06 (-0.95, 1.08) | 0.905 | -0.75 (-1.48, -0.02) | 0.045 | ||
Sevoflurane-Propofol postoperative day 7 | -1.31 (-2.43, -0.19) | 0.022 | -0.52 (-1.57, 0.53) | 0.330 | -0.88 (-1.62, -0.13) | 0.021 |
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Exposure | Craniotomy group | Decompressive craniectomy group | Total | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95%CI) | P value | OR (95%CI) | P value | OR (95%CI) | P value | |||
Unadjusted | ||||||||
Propofol | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||||
Sevoflurane | 1.98 (0.83, 4.75) | 0.125 | 1.53 (0.69, 3.37) | 0.294 | 1.72 (0.95, 3.09) | 0.072 | ||
Adjusted | ||||||||
Propofol | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.0 | |||||
Sevoflurane | 4.93 (1.05, 23.03) | 0.043 | 1.01 (0.35, 2.97) | 0.982 | 1.58 (0.72, 3.45) | 0.250 |
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