齐普夫定律对方剂的适用性研究

doi:10.24920/004133

Abstract

Objective Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescriptions have been used to cure diseases in China for thousands of years, in which many TCM herbs have no definite common quantity. Some key TCM herbs are commonly used and thus deserve in-depth investigations based on a more acceptable classification method. This study analyzes whether TCM prescriptions follow Zipf’s law and attempts to obtain the thresholds of key TCM herbs based on the application of Zipf’s law.
Methods A total of 84,418 TCM prescriptions were collected and standardized. We tested whether Zipf’s law and Zipf’s distribution fit the Chinese herb distributions. A linear fitting experiment was performed to verify the relationship between the frequency distribution and frequency of TCM herbs.
Results The distribution of TCM herbs in TCM prescriptions conformed to Zipf’s law. Accordingly, the thresholds were obtained for the key TCM herbs.
Conclusion The distribution of TCM herbs in TCM prescriptions follows Zipf’s law.

Key words: Zipf’s law, traditional Chinese medicine, prescriptions, herb

Funding:

Yuanbai Li, Yu Du, Fangzhou Liu, Yiying Zhang, Meng Li, Jing Wang, Yihao Li, Yang Yang. Applicability of Zipf’s Law in Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescriptions[J].Chinese Medical Sciences Journal, 2022, 37(3): 195-200.

Figures/Tables 6

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Table 1.

Table 2.

Figure 3.

Table 3

Comparison of resuits of Zipf’s law calculation with survey result in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) (top 31)"

This study		Result from CNKI Database survey
Sort No.	Key TCM herbs in this article	Sort No.	Chinese herb	Number of papers
1	甘草(licorice)	1	人参(Ginseng)	21,633
2	当归(Angelica sinensis Radix)	2	丹参(Paeoniae Radix Alba)	19,589
3	人参(Ginseng)	3	黄芪(Astragalus Radix)	19,320
4	茯苓(Smilax china)	4	甘草(Licorice)	18,806
5	肉桂(Cinnamon)	5	白及(Rhizoma bletillae)	17,122
6	白术(Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz)	6	大黄(Rhubarb)	15,878
7	川芎(Chuanxiong rhizoma)	7	黄芩(Scutellariae Radix)	14,368
8	陈皮(Tangerine peel)	8	当归(Angelica sinensis Radix)	12,984
9	防风(Saposhnikoviae Radix)	9	柴胡(Radix bupleuri)	10,271
10	黄芩(Scutellariae Radix)	10	黄连(Rhizoma Coptidis)	10,072
11	川木香(Vladimiriae Radix)	11	三七(Radix bupleuri)	9,126
12	大黄(Rhubarb)	12	芍药(Radix bupleuri)	9,100
13	黄连(Rhizoma Coptidis)	13	葛根(Radix Puerariae)	8,170
14	生地黄(Rehmanniae)	14	姜黄(Turmeric)	7,354
15	半夏(Pinellia)	15	半夏(Pinellia)	6,930
16	附子(Aconiti Lateralis Radix)	16	白术(Atractylodes macrocephala)	6,586
17	干姜(Zingiberis Rhizoma)	17	白芍(Paeoniae Radix Alba)	6,101
18	黄芪(Astragalus Radix)	18	苦参(Sophora flavescens)	6,091
19	麦冬(Ophiopogonis Radix)	19	桂枝(Cassia twig)	5,949
20	麝香(Musk)	20	麻黄(Ephedra)	5,932
21	白芍(Paeoniae Radix Alba)	21	五味子(Schisandra chinensis)	5,858
22	枳壳(Fructus Aurantii)	22	川芎(Ligusticum wallichii)	5,828
23	熟地黄(Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata)	23	附子(Aconiti Lateralis Radix)	5,814
24	桔梗(Platycodon grandiflorum)	24	红花(Carthamus tinctorius L)	5,773
25	柴胡(Radix Bupleuri)	25	淫羊藿(Epimedium)	5,712
26	朱砂(Cinnaba)	26	姜(Ginger)	5,680
27	羌活(Radix et Rhizoma Notopterygii)	27	苍术(Atractylodes)	4,984
28	白芷(Angelica Dahurica)	28	金银花(Lonicera japonica)	4,857
29	厚朴(Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis)	29	藜芦(Veratrum nigrum L)	4,757
30	槟榔(Betel nut)	30	党参(Codonopsis radix)	4,467
31	赤芍(Paeonia Lactiflora Pall)	31	栀子(Gardenia jasminoides Ellis)	4,296

Table 3

References 19

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Prescriptions No	Chinese name* of herbs	English name of herbs
1	熟地	Radix Rehmanniae Preparata
	山茱萸	Cornus
	山药	Dioscoreae rhizoma
	泽泻	Alismatis rhizoma
	丹皮	Cortex Moutan
	白茯苓	Smilax china
2	川芎	Chuanxiong rhizoma
	当归	Angelica sinensis Radix
	熟地	Radix Rehmanniae Preparata
	白芍	Paeoniae Alba Radix

Frequency level(r)	Herb name	Frequency (f)	C	Frequency probability (Pr)	Lgr	LgPr	LgC
1	甘草(Licorice)	23,387	0.04	0.04	0.00	-1.44	-1.40
2	当归(Angelica sinensis Radix)	16,454	0.05	0.03	0.30	-1.59	-1.30
3	人参(Ginseng)	13,540	0.06	0.02	0.48	-1.68	-1.22
4	茯苓(Smilax china)	10,761	0.07	0.02	0.60	-1.78	-1.15
5	肉桂(Cinnamon)	10,135	0.08	0.02	0.70	-1.81	-1.10
6	白术(Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz)	9,884	0.09	0.02	0.78	- 1.82	-1.05
7	川芎(Chuanxiong rhizoma)	9,773	0.11	0.02	0.85	-1.82	-0.96
8	陈皮(Tangerine peel)	8,808	0.11	0.01	0.90	-1.87	-0.96
9	防风(Saposhnikoviae radix)	8,210	0.11	0.01	0.95	-1.90	-0.96
10	黄芩(Scutellariae Radix)	7,834	0.12	0.01	1.00	-1.92	-0.92
11	川木香( Vladimiriae Radix)	6,846	0.12	0.01	1.04	-1.98	-0.92
12	大黄(Rhubarb)	6,787	0.13	0.01	1.08	-1.98	-0.89
13	黄连(Rhizoma Coptidis)	6,772	0.14	0.01	1.11	-1.98	-0.85
14	生地黄(Rehmanniae)	6,714	0.15	0.01	1.15	-1.98	-0.82
15	半夏(Pinellia)	6,587	0.15	0.01	1.18	-1.99	-0.82
16	附子(Aconiti Lateralis Radix)	5,652	0.14	0.01	1.20	-2.06	-0.85
17	干姜(Zingiberis Rhizoma)	5,513	0.14	0.01	1.23	-2.07	-0.85
18	黄芪(Astragalus Radix)	5,380	0.15	0.01	1.26	-2.08	-0.82
19	麦冬(Ophiopogonis Radix)	5,309	0.16	0.01	1.28	-2.09	-0.80
20	麝香(Musk)	5,128	0.16	0.01	1.30	-2.10	-0.80

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