Chinese Medical Sciences Journal is a multidisciplinary journal supervised by the National Health Commission and sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Medical Science. It was founded in 1986 by Professor Gu Fangzhou, who was then the President of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College. The journal was formerly known as the Proceedings of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College and was renamed Chinese Medical Sciences Journal in 1990. Since then, the position of Editor-in-Chief of the journal has been held successively by Academicians Ba Denian and Liu Depei, with Academicians Ji Xunming and Cao Xuetao currently serving as co-Editors-in-Chief. 

 Chinese Medical Sciences Journal is committed to publishing reliable researches, adhering to the high publishing ethics standards and undergoing rigorous peer reviews. The journal aims to report the latest research findings and disciplinary progress across medical sciences, fostering the global academic communication and collaberation.

The journal covers a wide range of disciplines, including clinical medicine, fundamental medicine, preventive medicine and public health, biomedical engineering, as well as traditional Chinese medicine, with particular emphasis on emerging interdisciplinary and frontier fields at the intersection of medical sciences.