Chinese Medical Sciences Journal is a multidisciplinary journal supervised by the National Health Commission and sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Medical Science. It was founded in 1986 by Professor Gu Fang-Zhou, who was then the President of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College. The journal was formerly known as the Proceedings of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College and was renamed Chinese Medical Sciences Journal in 1990. Since then, the Editor-in-Chief of the journal have been held successively by academicians Ba Denian and Liu Depei. The current  Editor-in-Chief is academician Cao Xuetao.

 Chin Med Sci J is committed to publishing reliable research papers, adhering to publishing ethics standards, and conducting rigorous peer reviews. The journal aims to report the latest research findings and disciplinary progress in the field of medical sciences, facilitating the academic communication and cooperation across world.

The journal covers a wide range of disciplines, including fundamental medicine, clinical medicine, preventive medicine and public health, biomedical engineering, as well as traditional Chinese medicine, with a particular emphasis on the latest academic achievements in interdisciplinary, emerging, and marginal disciplines related to medical sciences.