Objective:To compare the reliability of transvaginal ultrasonography with pelvic arteriography in the assessment of patients with gestational trophoblastic disease. Methods. Transvaginal ultrasonography was performed in 24 patients with gestational trophoblastic tumour. Within one week after ultrasound investigation

pelvic arteriography was carried out in each patient. Of 24 cases

16 patients hadn’t been treated by chemical reagent

5 had accepted 2 to 5 courses of chemotherapy

and 3 had achieved complete remission before both investigations performed. Results. In 3 patients with complete remission

2 had no evidence of abnormal findings either on transvaginal ultrasonography or on pelvic arteriography

1 showed intramyometrial lesions by both methods. In the remaining 21 patients

all demostrated a abnormal uterine image

and 5 of them accompanied with the finding of parametrium metastatic signs by transvaginal ultrasonography; these abnormal results were confirmed by pelvic arteriographic imaging. However

in two cases without clinical and ultrasonic signs of parametrium metastasis

pelvic arteriography indicated the early metastasis of parametrium ves- sels. Conclusions. Even though it is difficult to predict the early parametrium metastasis in patients with gestational trophoblastic disease by B-ultrasonic investigation

our data would support the introduction of transvaginal ultrasonography in the diagnosis and evaluation of gestational trophoblastic tumour.