Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of Olfactory Bulb in Anosmic Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Beigi-khoozani Atefeh; Merajikhah Amirmohammad; Soleimani Mahdieh

doi:10.24920/003982

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of Olfactory Bulb in Anosmic Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Chinese Medical Sciences Journal Vol. 37, Issue 1, Pages: 23-30(2022)

Original Article | Updated：2024-04-10

- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of Olfactory Bulb in Anosmic Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review
- Affiliations：
  
  1. 1Department of Operating Room, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2Department of Operating Room, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Razavi Khorasan, Iran
  3. 3Department of Operating Room, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, East Azerbaijan, Iran
- Author bio：
  
  * E-mail: amir.meraj74@gmail.com.
- Funds：
- DOI：10.24920/003982
  CLC：
- Received：14 August 2021，
  
  Accepted：2021-10-15，
  
  Published Online：07 March 2022，
  
  Published：31 March 2022
- Accepted：
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Beigi-khoozani Atefeh, Merajikhah Amirmohammad, Soleimani Mahdieh. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of Olfactory Bulb in Anosmic Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review[J]. Chinese medical sciences journal, 2022, 37(1): 23-30.
DOI：

Beigi-khoozani Atefeh, Merajikhah Amirmohammad, Soleimani Mahdieh. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of Olfactory Bulb in Anosmic Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review[J]. Chinese medical sciences journal, 2022, 37(1): 23-30. DOI： 10.24920/003982.

摘要

背景

嗅觉缺失是新冠病毒（SARS-CoV-2）感染者的症状之一。在嗅觉缺失患者中

SARS-CoV-2可暂时改变嗅觉神经细胞和嗅球（OB）的信号传导过程

最终损害嗅觉上皮的结构

导致嗅觉通道的永久性紊乱。这种受损结构可在磁共振成像（MRI）中显示。

方法

两名研究人员独立搜索了四个数据库

包括PubMed、ProQuest、Scopus和Web of Science

以检索截至2020年11月11日的相关记录。检索不限时间、空间和语言。同时也检索了Google Scholar

但仅限于2020年的数据。根据PRISMA流程图对所有发现的文章进行了系统综述。定性研究、病例报告、社论、读者来信和其他非原创研究被排除在本系统分析之外。

结果

初步检索出434条记录。在查阅了标题和摘要后

选出74篇文章;最后

对8篇文章进行了全文审阅。结果显示在新冠肺炎患者可见嗅裂（OC）宽度和体积增加、OC完全或部分破坏以及OC完全阻塞。OB存在明显的变形和退化

并有细微的不对称。在这些研究中

计算机断层扫描（CT）、MRI和正电子发射断层扫描（PET）用于检测嗅觉缺失的结果。

结论

新冠肺炎患者OC的变化大于OB

主要是由于OC的炎症反应和免疫反应。然而

由神经或血管疾病所致的OB变化较少见。局部类固醇治疗和局部生理盐水可能有益。

Abstract

Background

Anosmia is one of the symptoms in individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In anosmic patients

SARS-CoV-2 temporarily alters the signaling process in olfactory nerve cells and olfactory bulb (OB)

which eventually damages the structure of the olfactory epithelium

leading to a permanent disorder in the olfactory pathway that this damaged structure is showed in MRI imaging

Method

Two investigators independently searched four databases consisting of PubMed

ProQuest

Scopus

and Web of Science for relevant records as of November 11

2020 with no time

space

and language restrictions. Google Scholar was also searched for the related resources within the time limit of 2020. All the found articles were reviewed based on the PRISMA flow diagram. Qualitative studies

case reports

editorials

letters

and other non-original studies were excluded from this systematic analysis.

Results

Initial search yielded 434 records. After reviewing the titles and abstracts

we selected 74 articles; finally

8 articles were depicted to be investigated and read in full text. The obtained results showed an increase in the width and volume of the olfactory cleft (OC)

complete or partial destruction of OC

and complete occlusion of OC in COVID-19 patients. Deformation and degeneration as well as a subtle asymmetry were evident in the OBs. Computed tomography (CT)

meganetic resonance imaging (MRI)

and positron emission tomography (PET) were used to detect the outcomes of anosmia in these studies.

Conclusions

The changes in OC are greater than those in OB in patients with COVID-19

mainly due to the inflammatory and immune responses in OC. However

fewer changes in OB are due to neurological or vascular disorders. Topical steroid therapy and topical saline can be helpful.

关键词

Keywords

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