Latest Issue
Volume ， Issue 1 ， 2003
- Abstract：Objective. To investigate the effects of several vasoactive peptides on the development of arterial restenosis after balloon angioplasty.Methods. In rat aortic artery restenosis model produced by denudation of aortic endothelia, we observed changes of endothelin （ET）, angiotensin II （AII）, calcitonin gene-related peptide （CGRP） and adrenomedullin （Adm） in plasma and aorta with radioimmunoassay and expression of hypertension-related gene （HRG-1） with semi-quantitative RT-PCR, and studied the effects of these peptides on intimal hyperplasia, intima/media ratio and MAPK activities of aortic artery after angioplasty respectively. Furthermore, in cultured cells, we studied the effects of these peptides on vascular smooth muscle cell （VSMC） proliferation and expression of HRG-1 of VSMC from spontaneously hypertensive rats （SHR） and Wistar-Kyoto （WKY） rats with 3H-TdR incorporation and RT-PCR respectively.Results. After angioplasty, the levels of ET and AII in plasma and aorta significantly increased, accompanied with VSMC proliferation and neointima hyperplasia. On day 10 after angioplasty, the levels of ET in plasma and aorta increased by 69% and 124% respectively, compared with sham group （ P <0. 01）; and the level of aortic AII increased by 80% （ P < 0. 01）. Antiserum against ET or inhibitors of angiotensin converting enzyme （ACE） could significantly inhibit the proliferation of VSMC and neointima formation. Compared with the sham group, on day 3 after angioplasty, the CGRP levels in plasma and aorta increased by 64% and 89% respectively （ P < 0. 01） and the Adm levels in plasma and tissue increased by 129% and 102% respectively （ P < 0. 01）. On day 10, intravenous administration of CGRP significantly inhibited the proliferation of VSMC and neointima formation induced by balloon aortic injury（by 66% and 79% respectively, P <0. 01）. In addition, ET and AII attenuated the expression of HRG-1 in aorta and stimulated mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） activity, while CGRP and Adm potentiated the expression of HRG-1 and inhibited MAPK.Conclusions. ET and AII can stimulate the proliferation of injured intima while CGRP and Adm have an an-ti-hyperplasia effect after angioplasty. These 4 peptides are involved in the regulation of VSMC proliferation and affect the development of vascular restenosis by regulating the expression of HRG-1 and MAPK activity.4|33|16Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective. To investigate the effect of apolipoprotein B （apoB） and E （apoE） genetic variations on lipid profile at baseline （before treatment）, and also on the subsequent response to simvastatin therapy.Methods. Eighty-eight patients with hyperlipidemia were treated with simvastatin 5mg daily. The plasma levels of total cholesterol （TC） and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）, triglyceride （TG） and apo B were measured pre-treatment and at the end of the 4th, 8th and 12th post-treatment week. Polymorphisms of apoB at XbaI locus and apoE were determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism （RFLP）.Results. In all patients, relative frequencies of X- allele and X + allele were 0. 943 and 0. 057 for apoB gene respectively. For apoE gene the relative frequency of ε 2 allele was determined as 0. 182, ε3 as 0. 580 and ε4 as 0. 238. The reduction in TC level was more prominent in patients carrying X- allele than in those with X + allele following treatment （-23. 9% vs. -13. 6% , P < 0. 05）. Compared with patients carrying ε 3 or ε 4 allele, those with ε 2 allele showed a significantly higher percentage in reduction of apoB level after treatment （P < 0. 05）.Conclusion. The relative frequency of apoB X + allele is high in patients with hyperlipidemia, in whom the TC-lowering efficacy is decreased following treatment of simvastatin. The relative frequencies of ε 2 and ε 4 are also high in hyperlipidemic patients, and the e 2 allele is associated with reduction in apoB level during lipid-regulating therapy.4|23|3Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective. To study whether the abilities of hepatitis C virus （HCV） E2 gene immunization to induce humoral and cellular immune responses to E2 protein were affected by hepatitis B virus （HBV） preS gene when they were fused in DNA-immunized mice.Methods. Mice were immunized with E2, preS-E2（preS gene was upstream of E2 gene）, and E2 - preS （preS gene was downstream of E2 gene）gene by their eukaryotic expression vectors, respectively. The anti - E2 or anti - preS antibodies were detected using the E2 and preS antigens. The cellular immune response to E2 protein in immunized mice was presented by its survival time after injecting SP2/O myeloma cells expressing HCV E2 protein into the abdominal cavity.Results. Chimeric E2 and preS gene immunization can induce mice to develop anti-preS and anti-E2 antibodies. The number of the mice developing anti-E2 antibody and the antibody titers in preS-E2 gene-injected group were higher than those in E2-preS gene-immunized group. However, the mice injected with E2 gene did not develop the detectable anti-E2 antibodies until 12 weeks after DNA immunization. After the mice was injected with target cells, the average survival time of the mice in the group immunized with E2 gene alone was longer than that of the group injected with E2 gene fused with HBV preS and was significantly longer than that of the control （ P <0. 05）.Conclusion. HBV preS might be a humoral enhancer that can affect the abilities of HCV E2 protein to induce immune responses in DNA-immunized mice.4|17|0Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objectives. To determine the natural crustacean host, the Paragonimus species, and to investigate the potential host-parasite relationship between Manipur Paragonimus and some of the laboratory animals.Methods. The laboratory animals such as puppies, albino rats and Swiss mice were infected orally with metacercariae isolated from the fresh water crabs, Potamiscus manipurensis. The fecal specimens of the experimentally infected animals were examined microscopically for Paragonimus eggs at regular intervals. The animals were autopsied on days 35 - 328 after infection and the isolated worms were flattened between glass slides and fixed in 70% alcohol. The worms were stained with carmine and mounted with Canada balsam for morphological studies. The eggs were collected in 5% formol saline solution for microscopy. The flukes were classified into 4 developmental stages.Results. A total of 11 worms, 5 mature, 5 immature and 1 pre - adult were recovered. The morphological features of the metacercariae, worms and eggs were similar to those of Paragonimus heterotremus.Conclusion. Manipur is one of the rare areas in the world where Paragonimus heterotremus is prevalent and the puppies are ideal experimental animal host. This species may be one of the important causes of paragonimia-sis in animals and humans in Manipur.4|4|4Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective. To establish a flow cytometric internal standard method for counting platelet-derived microparti-cles （PMPs） and to study its clinical significance.Methods. PMPs suspension （platelet poor plasma, PPP） was extracted by gradual centrifugation. According to the size of PMPs, 3 μm and 0. 8μm latex beads were used as internal standards for the quantitation. PMPs were counted by adjusting flow cytometric discrimination and voltage of forward scatter and side scatter.Results. In 30 healthy donors, the average concentration of resting PMPs was （1. 2×105±5.7×104 ） /ml and that of activated PMPs was （1. 6×106±9. 1×105） /ml. Compared with healthy donors, PMPs mean value was significantly higher （ P < 0. 001） in 18 patients with coronary artery disease, 12 with acute cerebral infraction and 23 with chronic renal failure [the average PMPs concentration, （ 6. 1×105±2. 5×105 ）/ml, （ 6. 8×105±3. 4×105） /ml and （5. 9×105±3. 1×105） /ml respectively]. However, no significant difference in PMPs concentration was observed in 25 patients with acute leukemia and severe thrombocytopenia during the aplastic phase after chemotherapy [ （1. 3×105±6. 1× 104） /ml, （ P > 0. 05） ] .Conclusions. PMPs is a useful indicator in monitoring platelet activation, and plays an important role in thrombotic disease. By flow cytometric internal standard method, PMPs can be counted rapidly and accurately, which may be very helpful in interlaboratory comparative studies.4|17|2Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective. To explore the correlations between the occurrence and severity of neglect and the region, range or extent of the decrease in regional cerebral blood flow （rCBF）.Methods. Nineteen dextromanual patients who were diagnosed as unilateral stroke clinically and hemispa-tial neglect by a neglect test battery received single photon emission computed tomography （SPECT） scans.Results. On images, the damages of patients with neglect were seen most frequently in the frontal cortex, and then in turn in the parietal cortex, occipital cortex, temporal cortex, basal ganglia and thalamus. Most patients with neglect had two or more regions damaged. The most significant region was temporal - parietal - occipital （TPO） junction. The correlation coefficient between rCBF and the severity of neglect was - 0. 34 （t = -1.5, P> 0. 05）, and that between the decrease percentage of rCBF and the severity of neglect was 0. 34 （t = 1. 47, P> 0. 05）. The correlation coefficients between the range, number of foci, the flow deficit size and the severity of neglect were 0. 71 （t=4. 13, P <0. 01）, 0. 70 （t=4. 07, P <0. 01） and 0. 64 （t = 3. 40, P <0. 01）, respectively.Conclusions. The severity of neglect correlates with rCBF and the decrease percentage of rCBF insignificantly, but correlates positively with the range, number of foci and the flow deficit size significantly. Hemispatial neglect is caused by the damage of multiple sites and combined damage results in more severe neglect.4|7|0Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective. To investigate the magnetic resonance （MR） features of meningeal carcinomatosis, and to improve the ability in understanding and diagnosing meningeal carcinomatosis by MR findings.Methods. Eleven cases with proven meningeal carcinomatosis were studied by conventional and Gd - DTPA enhanced MR imaging. The enhancement patterns and features, as well as the types of meningeal involvement, were retrospectively analyzed.Results. Conventional MR imaging showed no evident meningeal abnormalities. After the administration of Gd - DTPA, abnormal pia mater enhancement was detected in 9 cases, demonstrating as the continuous, thin, and lineal high signal intensity on the brain surface that could descend into the sulci. The abnormal pial enhancement occurred on the cortical surfaces of cerebellum, brainstem, and cerebrum. No abnormal enhancement in the subarach-noid space was found. Abnormal dura - arachnoid enhancement was seen in 3 cases, showing as the continuous, thick, and curvilineal high signal intensity over the convexities or in the tentorium without extension into the cortical sulci. Cerebral dura - arachnoid involvement was found in all 3 cases and one of them also showed abnormal enhancement in cerebellar dura - arachnoid and tentorium. Of the 11 cases, 9 with pial involvement had abnormal cerebrospinal fluid （CSF） results, 2 involving only the dura - arachnoid had normal CSF results.Conclusion. Meningeal carcinomatosis could be well demonstrated by Gd - DTPA enhanced MR imaging, and its type could be differentiated by the enhancement features. Combined with the clinical information, Gd - enhanced MR imaging may lead to the diagnosis and guide the therapy of meningeal carcinomatosis.4|13|2Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective. To introduce a new spinal internal fixation system, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital （TSRH）, and to investigate its early clinical outcomes.Methods. The preliminary clinical outcomes of 15 patients with thoracolumbar or lumbar scoliosis treated by anterior spinal fusion with TSRH instrumentation were studied retrospectively. Fourteen patients were diagnosed as idiopathic scoliosis and 1 as neuromuscular scoliosis.Results. Preoperatively, the Cobb’s angle on the coronal plane was 55. 8° （range 35° - 78°）, and 14° postoperatively, with an average correction of 74. 8 %. The average unfused thoracical curve was 35. 9 ° preoperatively （range 26° - 51°） and 21. 8° （10°-42° ） postoperatively, with 40% correction. The sagittal curve of lumbar was kept physiologically, preoperative 27. 9° and postoperative 25. 7° respectively. The trunk shift was 13.4 mm （5 - 28mm） preoperatively and 3. 5 mm （0-7 mm） postoperatively. The averaged apic vertebra derivation was 47. 8 mm （21 - 69 mm） before operation and 10. 8 mm （3-20 mm） after operation. The distance of C7 to center sacrum vertical line （CSVL） was 19. 5 mm（16 - 42）preoperatively and 11. 3 mm （0-32 mm） postoperatively. The apical vertebra rotation was 3 degree in 15 patients preoperatively, and were improved to normal in 10 patients, 1 degree in 4 patients, and 2 degree in 1 patients postoperatively. None had neurological injury and infection. Only 1 patient complained a cool feeling in the low extremity of concave side, and the symptom vanished at 3-month followed up.Conclusion. If used appropriately, TSRH anterior spinal system is a good treatment for low thoracic or thoracic lumbar scoliosis.4|13|1Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective. To assess the feature of pulmonary blood flow distribution after total cavopulmonary connection （TCPC） of different types, and to provide the selection of the best type .Methods. Thirty-two consecutive survival patients after TCPC underwent radionuclide lung perfusion imaging. According to the radionuclide counts in the left and right lungs, analyses of the distribution of blood flow from superior venous cava （SVC） and inferior venous cava （IVC） and the whole pulmonary blood flow in both lungs were made. All patients were divided into 4 groups by the the anastomosis between IVC and pulmonary artery.Results. Group Ⅰ: The flow ratio of the IVC to left lung was greater than that to the right lung , P≤0. 01; the flow ratio of the SVC to right lung was greater than that to the left lung, P≤0. 01; and the whole pulmonary blood flow went dominantly to the left lung, P≤0. 05, which is not in line with physiological distribution. Group Ⅱ: the flows from the SVC and IVC were mixed in the middle of the junction and ran evenly into the right and left lungs, the whole pulmonary blood flow went to both lungs, P≥0. 05. Group Ⅲ: the flow ratio of the SVC to both lungs were the same, P≥0. 05, and major part from IVC went to the right lung, P≤0. 01; the pulmonary blood flow go dominantly to the right lung, P≤0. 05, which is in accord with physiological distribution. Group Ⅳ: the flows from the right SVC went to right lung by 100%, P≤0. 01, and that from the left SVC went to left lung by 100% too, P≤0. 01; the flows from IVC went dominantly to the left lung, with little part to the right lung , P≤0. 05.Conclusions. Different types of TCPC can result in different pulmonary blood distributions. The best flow distribution between the left and right lungs can be obtained by an offset of the IVC anastomosis toward the RPA with widening anastomosis for the patients without persist left superior venous cava （PLSVC）.4|14|0Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective. To investigate the role of endogenous carbon monoxide （CO） in hypoxia.Methods. After rats were inhaled with hypoxic gases and the heme oxygenase inhibitor ZnPPIX was administered, we measured the CO levels in plasma, liver, lung and kidney. Meanwhile plasma cGMP levels were observed. Furthermore, we recorded the changes of hemodynamic and blood gases.Results. Acute mild hypoxia （10% O2） significantly increased CO levels in plasma as well as liver, kidney and lung, while acute severe hypoxia （5% O2） significantly decreased CO levels in plasma as well as liver, kidney and lung. In addition, the former significantly elevated cGMP levels in plasma while the latter markedly reduced cGMP levels in plasma. The hemodynamic changes occurred in accordance with the changes of carbon monoxide.Conclusions. Our results indicate, for the first time , that the endogenous carbon monoxide plays an important role in regulating the vessel tone during hypoxia.4|6|0Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective. To investigate the efficacy and safety of tetracaine hydrochloride in patient-controlled epidural analgesia （PCEA） after pulmonary lobectomy.Methods. Forty-three patients scheduled for elective pulmonary lobectomy under general anesthesia were randomly allocated into either tetracaine group （22 patients） or ropivacaine group （21 patients） . In the tetracaine group, 0. 15% tetracaine was used for postoperative PCEA, while 0. 3% ropivacaine was used in the ropivacaine group. The duration of postoperative analgesia was 48 h. The PCEA included a bolus of 6 ml with a lockout time of 1 h. Postoperative pain score was measured by visual analogue scale （VAS）. Forced expired volume at the 1st second （FEV1.0）, forced vital capacity （FVC）, FEV1.0/ FVC and peak expired flow （PEF） were measured preoperatively and daily after surgery. Hemodynamics were monitored and recorded before and after each administration of local anesthetics during the period of the study.Results. VAS scores in both groups decreased significantly after a bolus injection of local anesthetics. There was no significant difference between the two groups in VAS either before or after the administration of PCEA. On the 1st and 2nd days after the operation, pulmonary function was reduced in both groups. However, there were no significant differences between the percentage of the changes of FEV1.0, FEV1.0/FVC and PEF in the two groups. There were also no significant differences between the percentage of the changes of heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure and SpO2 after administration of local anesthetics. There was no significant difference in overall satisfaction with pain relief.Conclusions. The analgesic effect of 0. 15% tetracaine is similar to that of 0. 3% ropivacaine used in patient-controlled epidural analgesia after thoracotomy. No serious side effects were observed.4|18|1Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective. To compare the embolization effects of intracranial aneurysms with mechanical detachable spirals （MDS） and with Guglielmi detachable coils （GDC）.Methods. One hundred and twenty cases with 125 intracranial aneurysms were embolized in Beijing Hospital from March 1995 to July 1999. Sixty - six aneurysms in 64 cases were embolized with MDS, 51 in 48 with GDC, and 8 in 8 with both MDS and GDC. Clinical data including sex, age, subarachnoid hemorrhage （SAH）, Hunt & Hess grading, diameter and neck width of aneurysms, number and length of coils used per aneurysm, occlusive ratio, and complications were compared between MDS and GDC groups.Results. MDS and GDC groups were comparable （t-test or x2 -test, all P value > 0. 10） in terms of age, sex, diameter of aneurysms [ （8. 46 ± 3. 42） mm vs. （7. 38 ± 3. 45） mm], neck width [ （3. 49 ± 1. 50） mm vs. （3. 26 ± 1. 52） mm], coils number[ （4. 65 ± 3. 01） vs. （4. 24 ± 2. 65） ] and their length[ （460. 2 ± 398. 5） mm vs. （422. 9 ±387. 1） mm] used per aneurysm, occlusive ratio in aneurysms embolized ≥80% [ （95. 00% ± 6. 32% ） vs. （94. 19% ± 7. 63% ） ], mortality and permanent complications （7. 8% vs. 4. 2% ）.Conclusions. MDS and GDC are all materials for embolization of intracranial aneurysms. MDS is less expensive, but more difficult to control and of propensity to complications while GDC is more compliant, easier to be used, safer, and have many alternative types for use as well as more extensive indications.4|23|0Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective. To study the characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis in adolescent patients.Method. Six cases of adolescent endometriosis in our hospital were reviewed retrospectively.Result. Endometriosis is the most common cause of chronic pelvic pain in adolescents. There may be a natural progression of endometriosis from atypical lesions in adolescents to classic lesions in adults. Congenital abnormalities of the reproductive tract are the main reasons for the adolescent endometriosis.Conclusion. Endometriosis should be strongly suspected in adolescent girls with chronic pelvic pain, especially unresponsive to oral contraceptives and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The treatment involves the operations and medicines.4|30|2Updated：2024-04-10
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