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Volume 0 ， Issue 2 ， 2004
- Abstract：Objective To investigate proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in adult rats after cerebral infarction. Methods Models of cerebral infarction in rats were made and the time-course expression of bromodeoxyuridine（BrdU）, Musashi1, glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP）, and neuronal nuclear antigen （NeuN） were determined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining. BrdU and Musashi1 were used to mark dividing neural stem cells. GFAP and NeuN were used to mark differentiating neural stem cells. Results Compared with controls, the number of BrdU-labeled and BrdU-labeled with Musashi1-positive cells incre-ased strikingly 1 day after cerebral infarction; approximately 6 fold with a peak 7 days later; markedly decreased 14 days later, but was still elevated compared with that of controls; decling to the control level 28 days later. The number of BrdU-labeled with GFAP-positive cells nearly remained unchanged in the hippocampus after cerebral infarction. The nu-mber of BrdU-labeled with NeuN-positive cells increased strikingly 14 days after cerebral infarction, reached maximum peak in the hippocampus 28 days after cerebral infarction in rats. Conclusion Cerebral infarction stimulate proliferation of inherent neural stem cells and most proliferated neural stem cells differentiate into neurons.Keywords：cerebral infarction;neural stem cell;proliferation;differentiation4|14|8Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To investigate the presentation of a neutralization epitope-containing peptide antigen of hepatitis E virus （HEV） on chimeric virus-like particles （VLPs） of hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg）. MethodsThe gene fragment corresponding to amino acids （aa） 551-607 （HEnAg） of HEV capsid protein, which contains the only neutralization epitope identified to date, was fused via a synthetic glycine linker in frame with the gene of HBsAg. The resulted fusion gene was then integrated through transformation into the genome of Pichiapastorisunder the control of a methanol-induced alcohol oxidase 1 （AOX1） promoter and expressed intracellularly. The expression products in the soluble cell extracts were characterized by Western blot, ELISA, CsCl density gradient analysis, and electron microscopic visualiza-tion. Results The novel fusion protein incorporating HBsAg and the neutralization epitope-containing HEnAg was expressed successfully in Pichiapastoriswith an expected molecular weight of approximately 32 kD. It was found to possess the ability to assemble into chimeric HBV/HEV VLPs with immunological, physical and morphological characteristics akin to HBsAg particles. Not only did the chimeric VLPs show high activity levels in a HBsAg particle-specific ELISA but they were also strongly immunoreactive with hepatitis E （HE） positive human serum in a HEV specific ELISA, indicating that HEnAg peptide fragments were exposed on VLP surfaces and would be expected to be readily accessible by cells and molecules of the immune system. Similarity between chimeric VLPs to highly immunogenic HBsAg particles may confer good immuno-genicity on surface-displayed HEnAg. Conclusion The chimeric HBV/HEV VLPs produced in this study may have potential to be a recombinant HBV/HEV bivalent vaccine candidate.Keywords：hepatitis E virus;neutralization epitope;virus-like particles4|26|5Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To study the expressions of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 mRNA on cultured rat mesangial cells （MsC） and in human diseased glomeruli, and to explore their significance in the development of glomerulosclerosis. Methods The expressions of MMP-2, TIMP-2, and Col ⅣmRNA on cultured rat MsC stimulated by IL-1 or/and TGF-β1were investigated through Northern blot analysis. The levels of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 mRNA expressions and immunoreacti-vity of PCNA and Col Ⅳin human diseased glomeruli from renal biopsies of lupus nephritis （LN） patients were examined by insituhybridization and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Results The levels of MMP-2, TIMP-2, and Col ⅣmRNA expressions were markedly increased on cultured rat MsC stimulated by IL-1 or/and TGF-β1. Meanwhile, upregulation of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 mRNA expressions was confirmed in diseased glomeruli from patients with various subtypes of LN, and was closely related to the positive cell number of PCNA presentation and deposition of Col Ⅳin glomeruli. Conclusion The results suggest that the over-expressions of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 mRNA on glomerular cells might play a critical role in the development of glomerulosclerosis.Keywords：matrix metalloproteinase;tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase;mesangial cell;human lupus nephritis4|18|8Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To transfect antisense vector of human cyclooxygenase-2 （COX-2） gene into COX-2 highly expressing chol-angiocarcinoma cell line QBC939 and explore its biological activities and role in carcinogenesis. Methods QBC939 cells were transfected with antisense vector of human COX-2 gene using LipoVecTM transfecting te-chnique. Transfected cells were selected with G418; COX-2 mRNA was examined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） and COX-2 protein expression was detected by immunocytochemistry using isozyme selective anti-bodies. The proliferative status of transfected cells was measured by using methabenzthiazuron （MTT） assay; Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by using flow cytometry. Results RT-PCR showed a lower COX-2 mRNA level in antisense vector transfected cells and immunocytochemistry showed a weaker COX-2 protein expression in antisense vector transfected cells. The antisense vector transfected cells proli-ferative index decreased significantly （P< 0.01）, the percentage of S phase decreased remarkably （P< 0.05） in antisense vec-tor transfected cells （9.27% ±1.91%） compared with that in QBC939 cells without transfection（16.35% ±2.87%）, and the percentage of G0/G1 phase increased remarkably （P< 0.05） in antisense vector transfected cells （75.16%±4.13%） compared with that in QBC939 cells without transfection （57.31% ±10.16%）. Transfection with antisense vector of human COX-2 gene had no significant influence on the apoptosis in QBC939 cells （P> 0.05）. Conclusion Transfection with antisense vector of human COX-2 gene could inhibit the proliferation of human cholan-giocarcinoma QBC939 cells.Keywords：cyclooxygenase-2;bile tract neoplasm;gene transfer4|10|1Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To identify an interaction between the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene polymorphism and risk of Al-zheimer’s disease. Methods The study included 117 healthy controls, 85 patients with Alzheimer’s disease in a Northeastern Chinese popu-lation of Han nationality. Genotypes were determined by a polymerase chain reaction amplification of the intron 2 fragment, harbouring a variable number of short tandem nucleotide sequences. Amplification products were separated on a 2% agarose gel. Results The allele 2 frequency was 27% in healthy controls, and 21% in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Thus for all-ele 2 as well as for all other alleles, genotypes, or carriage rates, no significant differences compared with controls. Conclusions No association of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene polymorphism with Alzheimer’s disease was iden-tified in this population. It is also possible that the increased risk and disease modifying effects are caused by linkage disequ-ilibrium with other genomic variants in other nearby genes.Keywords：interleukin-1 receptor antagonist;polymorphism;Alzheimer’s disease4|9|2Updated：2024-04-10
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- Abstract：Objective To deduce all potential ligands undiscovered experimentally by searching all the proteins containing same C-termini, which can bind a certain PDZ domain. Methods We developed a JAVA program for searching short exact sequence matches at C-terminus. According to the known C-termini, which PDZ domains recognized experimentally, Swissprot database has been searched by this program for all potential ligands. Results Some PDZ domains may have more potential ligand proteins, which are undiscovered yet experimentally. These bioinformatic results also provide clues for studying functions of hypothetical proteins and PDZ domains’ protein interactions in many different organisms. Conclusion The results may provide useful clues for discovering potential functions of hypothetical proteins and new functions of known proteins.Keywords：PDZ domain;protein-protein interactions;Tailfit;JAVA4|34|5Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To study the function of radiosurgery on malignant glioma by analyzing prognostic factors affecting malignant gliomas treated with linac radiosurgery. Method Fifty-eight patients with deep situated malignant gliomas, aged 7 to 70 years, 28 anaplastic astrocytomas and 30 glioblastomas multiforme were analyzed. The median volume of tumor was 10.67 cm3, and median prescription dose for linac radiosurgery was 20 Gy. Results were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox regression. Result In follow-up 44.8 percent tumors （26 patients） decreased in size. Median tumor local control interval was 10 months, 15 months for anaplastic astrocytomas, and 9 months for glioblastoma multiforme. Tumor local control probability was 37.9 percent for 1 year and 10.3 percent for 2 years. Median survival was 22.5 months for anaplastic astrocytoma, 13 months for glioblastoma multiforme, and 15 months for all patients. The survival probability was 79.3 percent at 1 year and 20.6 per-cent at 2 years. Isocenter numbers and tumor volume were the prognostic factors for tumor control, but conformity index was the prognostic factor for survival by Cox regression analysis. Considering pathology, only isocenter number and target volume significantly affected tumor control interval. Complications appeared in 44.8 percent patients and the median interval of com-plication onset was 8 months. Symptomatic cerebral edema was observed in 31.0 percent patients. Conclusion Linac radiosurgery can effectively improve tumor local control and prolong survival for deep situated mali-gnant gliomas.Keywords：radiosurgery;glioma;prognostic factor4|5|0Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To explore a new method for the therapy of avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Method The recombinant plasmid pCD-rbFGF was mixed with collagen and was implanted in the necrotic femoral head. Expression of basic fibroblast growth factor （bFGF） was examined by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical method. Re-pair of the femoral head was observed by histological and histomorphometric analysis. Result Expression of bFGF was detected in the femoral head transfected with bFGF gene, indicating significant increase of angiogenesis 2 weeks after gene transfection and increased new bone formation 8 weeks after gene transfection on histom-orphometric analysis （P< 0.01）. Conclusion Transfection of bFGF gene enhances bone tissue angiogenesis. Repair in osteonecrosis would be accelerated accordingly.Keywords：basic fibroblast growth factor;gene transfection;avascular necrosis;femoral head4|12|8Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To investigate the potential role of preoperative adjuvant chemotherapy on early stage cervical squamous carcinoma with bulky tumor. Methods One hundred and forty-five patients with cervical squamous cancer stagesⅠb-Ⅱa were investigated, among which17 patients with bulky tumors （≥4 cm） were managed by cisplatin-based chemotherapy for 1-2 courses followed by radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy （BC group）. The change of tumor size, pelvic lymph nodes metastasis, cervical wall invasion, the involvement of surgical specimen margin, and the blood loss during operation were assessed after opera-tion and compared with those in 51 patients with bulky tumors （BN group） and 77 patients with small local tumors （S group） who underwent surgery directly. Results （1） The tumor size of 17 patients in BC group were decreased in various degrees after chemotherapy, with 13 pati-ents of clinical effectiveness （76.47%）. And the responsiveness pertained to neither histological differentiation nor size of local tumors. （2） Post-operative histology has showed that patients in BC and BN group have higher incidence of lymph node metastasis and deep cervical infiltration （5/68 and 3/68, respectively） than in S group （1/77 and 1/77, respectively） while with no statistical significance. （3） Blood loss during operation in BC group was less than BN and S group. （4） Seventeen patients, including those underwent surgeries of vaginal prolongation and/or ovarian transposition, appeared disease-free survival within the follow-up time. Conclusions Most of patients with bulky early stage cervical squamous carcinoma are sensitive to cisplatin-based chem-otherapy, which could greatly reduce local tumor size and in turn facilitate the following operation by well controlling blood loss.Keywords：cervical carcinoma;bulky tumor;chemotherapy4|6|2Updated：2024-04-10
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CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-νIN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Abstract：Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels （including IL-1β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-ν） and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome （ACS） and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS. Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction （AMI）, 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris （UAP）, and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-νwere measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. ResultsSerum IL-1β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-αwere significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the con-trol group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-νshows no signifi-cant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner’s QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤6 scores group and > 6 scores group. Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a us-eful marker reflecting disease stability.Keywords：acute coronary syndrome;inflammation;cytokine4|22|19Updated：2024-04-10 -
- Abstract：Objective To investigate the role of extracellular regulated kinase （ERK1/2） pathway in cisplatin-induced apoptosis in human ovarian carcinoma cells. Methods Cisplatin-induced apoptosis were stained with DAPI and was assessed microscopically in human epithelial adenocarcinoma ovarian cell line SKOV3 cells. ERK activation was determined by Western blotting using an anti-phospho-ERK antibody to detect ERK activity. The effect of PD98059 on ERK activity induced by cisplatin was detected by MTT assay. Results Marked apoptosis of SKOV3 cells resulted from 48 hours treatment with 20 μg/mL cisplatin. Strong activation of ERK was led to by 15 μg/mL cisplatin. Dose response and time course of cisplatin induced apoptosis in SKOV3 cells. Cisplatin-induced ERK activation occurred at 12 hours and increased to highest induction at 24 hours by Western blotting. The effect of PD 98059 on ERK activity induced by cisplatin at the concentration of 100 μmol/L PD 98059. Statistically significant decreased in cell survival were observed with 100 μmol/L PD 98059 at 15 and 20 μg/mL cisplatin （P< 0.05）. Conclusions Cisplatin activates the ERK signaling pathway in ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3. Inhibition of ERK acti-vity enhances sensitivity to cisplatin cytotoxity in ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3. Evaluation of ERK activity could be useful in predicting which ovarian cancer will response most favorably to cisplatin therapy.Keywords：extracellular regulated kinase;human ovarian carcinoma;cisplatin4|20|17Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To summarize our experience in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant pancreatic endocrine tumour. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 36 cases of malignant pancreatic endocrine tumours in our hospital from July 1987 to April 2002, and summarized its clinical features. Results Liver metastasis was the main malignant manifestation of malignant pancreatic endocrine tumours （incidence rate 72.2%）. Removals of primary lesion and isolated hepatic metastatic lesion were means of curative therapy. Interventional chemotherapy was an important adjuvant treatment. Conclusion Comprehensive therapy plays an important role in improving the prognosis of malignant pancreatic endoc-rine tumour.Keywords：malignant pancreatic endocrine tumour;liver metastasis;operation;interventional chemotherapy4|7|5Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：ObjectiveTo investigate the anti-proliferation effect of oridonin on leukemic HL-60 cells and its mechanism. Methods HL-60 cells invitroin culture medium were given different concentrations of oridonin. The inhibitory rate of cells were measured by microculture tetrazolium （MTT） assay, cell apoptotic rate was detected by flow cytometry （FCM）,morphology of cell apoptosis was observed by hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining, and the activity of telomerase was det-ected using telomere repeat amplification protocol （TRAP） PCR-ELISA before and after apoptosis occurred. Results Oridonin could decrease telomerase activity, inhibit growth of HL-60 cells, and cause apoptosis significantly. The suppression was both in time- and dose-dependent manner. Marked morphological changes of cell apoptosis including condensation of chromatin and nuclear fragmentation were observed clearly by hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining especi-ally after cells were treated 48-60 hours by oridonin. Conclusions Oridonin has apparent anti-proliferation and apoptotic effects on HL-60 cells invitro, decreasing telomerase activity of HL-60 cells may be one of its most important mechanisms. These results will provide strong laboratory evidence of oridonin for clinical treatment of acute leukemia.Keywords：oridonin;leukemia;telomerase;apoptosis4|12|18Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To set up a new grading system of intraventricular hemorrhage （IVH） and determine the value of predicting the probability of post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus （PHH） in IVH. Methods We first modified the Graeb criteria, then compared the value of prediction for PHH assessed by the Graeb criteria with the modified Graeb criteria. One hundred and thirty one IVH patients were divided into two groups: the upper group （n=67） and the lower group （n=64）. Gold standard of PHH was assessed by CT scan or by out-drainage. The diagno-stic parameters such as sensitivity （SE）, specificity （SP） were analyzed. In the cutoff point of SE and SP curves, diagnostic efficiency （DE）, and Kappa value （K） were analyzed. The probability of PHH was estimated by binary logistic regressions. Results In all ventricular group, to Graeb criteria in the cutoff point, SE, SP, and K was 0.78, 0.84, and 0.60; and to modified Graeb criteria SE, SP, and K was 0.90, 0.84, and 0.74 respectively. The probability of PHH from point of 3-12 was 0.011, 0.032, 0.085, 0.212, 0.435, 0.689, 0.865, 0.949, 0.981, and 0.994 respectively according to modified Graeb criteria. Conclusion The modified Graeb criteria combined with logistic regression were useful methods to assess the severity of IVH and to predict the probability of PHH in IVH.Keywords：intracerebral hemorrhage;intraventricular hemorrhage;hydrocephalus;prediction4|14|7Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To review imaging use in the diagnosis of thoracolumbar burst fractures and to determine the diagnostic va-lue of different imaging methods. Methods One hundred and fourteen patients with 120 thoracolumbar burst fractures were retrospectively reviewed. Pl-ain radiographs were available in all cases; CT scans and MRI were obtained in 96 and 74 cases, respectively. Results A total of 27 burst fractures were misdiagnosed as other types of fractures on radiographs alone, and accounted for 22.5% of all fractures. The results indicated that plain radiographs often fail to delineate the pathological features of thor-acolumbar burst fractures, leading to delay in diagnosis. Conclusion In regard to thoracolumbar injury diagnosis, burst fractures should be differentiated from compression frac-tures. CT should be routinely indicated and MRI examination, when necessary, may be simultaneously considered.Keywords：burst fractures;imaging diagnosis;thoracolumbar vertebrae4|18|6Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To evaluate the effects of simvastatin combined with omega-3 fatty acids on high sensitive C-reactive protein（HsCRP）, lipidemia, and fibrinolysis in coronary heart disease （CHD） and CHD risk equivalent patients with mixed dyslipi-demia. Methods A randomized, double-blind placebo controlled and parallel group trial was conducted. Patients with CHD and CHD risk equivalents with mixed dyslipidemia were treated with 10 or 20 mg simvastatin for 6-12 weeks. Following with the treatment of patients whose low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-ch） reaching goal level （< 100 mg/dL） or close to the goal （< 130 mg/dL）, while triglyceride （TG） ≥200 mg/dL and < 500 mg/dL, was combined with omega-3 fatty acids （3 g/d） or a placebo for 2 months. The effects of the treatment on HsCRP, total cholesterol （TC）, LDL-ch, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-ch）, TG, lipoprotein （a） [LP （a）], apolipoprotein A1 （apoA1）, apolipoprotein B （apoB）, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 （PAI-1）, and tissue plasminogen activator （tPA） were investigated. Forty patients finished the study with each group consisting of twenty patients. Results （1） There were significant reductions of HsCRP, TG, TC, and TC/HDL-ch, which decreased by 2.16 ±2.77 mg/L （38.5%）, 94.0 ±65.4 mg/dL （31.1%）, 13.3 ±22.3 mg/dL （6.3%）, 0.78 ±1.60 respectively in the omega-3 fatty acids group （P< 0.01, < 0.001, < 0.05, < 0.05） compared to the baseline. HsCRP and triglyceride reduction were more significant in omega-3 fatty acids group compared to the placebo group （P=0.021 and 0.011 respectively）. （2） In the omega-3 fatty acids group, the values and percentage of TG reduction had a significantly positive relation with HsCRP reduction （r=0.51 and 0.45, P=0.021 and 0.047 respectively）. Conclusion In CHD and CHD risk equivalent patients with mixed dyslipidemia, dyslipidemia’s therapeutic effect using simvastatin and omega-3 fatty acids may result from not only the combination of lipid adjustment, but also enhancement of their own nonlipid influences.Keywords：simvastation;omega-3 fatty acids;mixed dyslipidemia;high sensitive C-reactive protein4|26|0Updated：2024-04-10
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- Abstract：Objective To examine the relationship between apolipoprotein E （Apo E） gene polymorphism and risk of coronary artery disease （CAD）, analyzing association of polymorphism with classical risk factors. Methods A total of 124 patients （including 84 Han population and 40 Uygur population） with angiographically verified CAD or myocardial infarction were prospectively evaluated. Data referring to hypertension, diabetes, and tobacco consump-tion were recorded. The levels of total cholesterol （TC）, high density lipoprotein （HDL） cholesterol, Apo A1 and B, and triglycerides （TG） were determined. DNA was obtained from 124 patients and 70 controls. In order to determine Apo E genotypes, DNA was PCR amplified and digested with HhaI. The genetic polymorphism of Apo E is due to three common alleles, epsilon（ε） 2, ε3, ε4, at a single autosomal gene locus. These alleles determine the six phenotypes E2/2, E3/3, E4/4, E4/2, E4/3, and E3/2. Results In Uygur population, the frequency of the ε2, ε3, and ε4 was 0.155, 0.648, and 0.197 respectively. In Han po-pulation, the frequency of the ε2, ε3, and ε4 was 0.081, 0.772, and 0.146 respectively. In the patient group, the frequency of the ε2, ε3, and ε4was 0.060, 0.758, and 0.182 respectively. In the control group, the frequency of the ε2, ε3, and ε4 was 0.193, 0.671, and 0.136 respectively. ε2 frequency of Uygur’ patients and controls was 0.050 and 0.290 respectively. Serum low density lipoprotein （LDL） cholesterol, TC, and TG values tended to decrease from the Apo E-4 phenotypes to Apo E-2 phenotypes. When deletion polymorphism of ε2 was compared with the common risk factors for CAD, its risk ratio （RR） is 4.38. Conclusions These studies confirm and find that Apo E phenotype distribution in Uygur population differs significantly from that in Han population in Xinjiang. CAD patients have significantly lower ε2 allele and slightly higher ε3 or ε4 allele frequency than controls, especially in Uygur population. It shows protective effects of ε2 on CAD.Keywords：apolipoprotein E;DNA polymorphisms;risk factors;coronary artery disease4|17|24Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To evaluate the effects of transforming growth factor β1 （TGF β1） autocrine blockage on proliferation activity and drug sensitivity of osteosarcoma. Methods Northern blot, MTT determination, and 3H thymidine incorporation were used to investigate the effects of antisense TGF β1 gene on osteosarcoma. Results The proliferation of osteosarcoma cells transfected by antisense TGF β1 gene was suppressed markedly, and adriamycin sensitivity was significantly increased. Conclusion Blockage of osteosarcoma cells TGF β1 autocrine loop inhibits cell proliferation and enhances chemother-apy sensitivity.Keywords：transfoming growth factor β1;autocrine loop;osteosarcoma4|9|2Updated：2024-04-10
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