Latest Issue
Volume 0 ， Issue 1 ， 2006
- Abstract：Objective To investigate the H 2O 2-induced expression of human histone acetyltransferase-like protein （hALP）, a telomerase regulation-associated gene, and its effects on the stress-triggered cellular senescence.Methods The induced expression of hALP was measured by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and immunofluorescent histochemistry after treatment of HeLa cells by H 2O 2.The effects of hALP expression on cellular responses to H 2O 2 were analyzed by MTT, flowcytometry, and SA-β-gal staining, respectively.Results hALP mRNA could be dose-dependently induced by treatments of 0.2-1.6 mmol/L H 2O 2, and the induction could be observed after 6 hours and kept for 36 hours in the presence of 0.4 mmol/L H 2O 2.Meanwhile, the immunofluorescent staining showed marked stronger nuclear intensity of hALP protein in H 2O 2-treated HeLa cells.In the treatment of H 2O 2, the ectopic expression of hALP enhanced continuous growth and overcame G 2/M arrest as well as decreased senescence-associated β-gal staining.On the contrary, the transfected clones with antisense or blank vector and original HeLa cells presented growth suppression, G 2/M delay and higher percentage of SA-β-gal activities in the presence of H 2 O 2.Conclusions The expression of hALP could be up-regulated by treatment of H 2O 2, and elevated expression could enhance cellular resistance to H 2O 2-induced cellular senescence.The data might be of references to elucidation of basic biological function of hALP gene and its associated telomerase activity.Keywords：histone acetyltransferase;expression;stress;senescence4|28|3Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To investigate the effects of hepatocyte growth factor（HGF）on vascular endothelial cells apoptosis induced by advanced glycation end products（AGEs）and its possible mechanism. Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells（HUVECs）were cultured in vitro and intervened by different concentrations of AGEs and HGF.The cell inhibitory rates of each group with different culture time（12, 24, 48, and 72 hours）were measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium（MTT）assay. The early stage apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining, morphology of cell apoptosis was observed by hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining, and the expression of apoptosis-associated genes Bax and Bcl-2 were determined by Western blotting.The activity of caspase-3 was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）.Results Morphological observation indicated that high concentration of AGEs induced characteristic apoptotic changes in HUVECs.Within a certain concentration range, HUVECs apoptosis inducing rates by AGEs were in both dose- and time-dependent manners.HGF significantly inhibited the apoptosis of HUVECs induced by AGEs （P< 0.05）.AGEs significantly promoted expression of Bax protein, but not Bcl-2.Whereas HGF significantly promoted the expression of Bcl-2（P<0.01）and decreased the activity of caspase-3（P<0.05）without affecting Bax level.Conclusions AGEs can induce the apoptosis of endothelial cells in vitro.HGF may effectively attenuate AGEs-induced endothelial cells apoptosis through upregulating Bcl-2 gene expression and inhibiting caspase-3 activation.Keywords：hepatocyte growth factor;advanced glycation end products;vascular endothelial cell;apoptosis;atherosclerosis4|27|2Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To evaluate the efficacy of treatment options for patients with recurrent ovarian cancer.Methods From 1990 to 2000, 54 patients with recurrent ovarian cancer primarily treated in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were selected and reviewed.All the clinical data related to the recurrent tumor were collected.Two-side P values for differences in survival were calculated by the Cox regression model.Results The platinum-free interval >6 months and the surgery followed by salvage chemotherapy prolonged survival time of the patients with recurrent ovarian cancer （95% CI=0.153-0.987, P=0.047; 95% CI=1.611-10.914, P=0.003, respectively）.The increased number of chemotherapy cycles （> 10 months） offered some benefit on the survival （95% CI=0.110-1.090, P=0.070）.The initiation of treatment and chemotherapy regiments failed to demonstrate an improvement in survival.Conclusion The treatment options for patients with recurrent ovarian cancer depend on the platinum-free-interval of the patients.A strategy of secondary surgical cytoreduction followed by salvage chemotherapy is suggested for the patients with platinum-sensitive disease.Keywords：recurrent ovarian cancer;surgery;chemotherapy4|19|2Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of various agents on paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in the elderly over 75 years old.Methods Totally 264 in-patients （75-91 years old, 185 males and 79 females） with atrial fibrillation history of less than 7 days were enrolled in this study.A total of 611 atrial fibrillation episodes were recorded, but 130 episodes （22.3%） of atrial fibrillation were auto-converted to sinus rhythm.The rest 481 episodes of atrial fibrillation were divided into six groups based on the drug used.Results The cardioversion ratio of atrial fibrillation were 9.5%, 46.9%, 71.7%, 55.9%, 32.7%, and 73.6% in control, cedilanid, amiodarone, propafenone, verapamil, and quinidine groups, respectively.Ventricular rate control were 5.4%, 83.6%, 84.9%, 77.9%, 78.8%, and 11.3% in those groups, respectively.The total effective rates of amiodarone and cedilanid groups were the highest. When the ventricular rate was controlled to below 90 bpm, the patients would almost complain of no discomfort. No severe side-effect was observed in each group.Conclusion Amiodarone and cedilanid may be the proper drugs for the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in the elderly.The above antiarrhythmics in each therapeutic group were relatively safe and effective.Keywords：atrial fibrillation;drug therapy;aged4|14|2Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To investigate the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of fallopian tube prolapse （FTP） after hysterectomy.Methods A total of 7949 patients received hysterectomy from January 1983 to August 2005 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, and 9 cases （including 1 case from other hospital） of FTP after hysterectomy were involved during this period.All of them were diagnosed according to pathological results and were followed up.The symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of the FTP patients were analyzed retrospectively.Results The incidence of FTP after hysterectomy was 0.1% （8/7949）, with the incidence of FTP after trans- abdominal hysterectomy being 0.06% （4/6229）, after trans-vaginal hysterectomy being 0.5% （4/780）, after laparoscopic assistant vaginal hysterectomy being 0 （0/940）.There was no symptom in 3 cases.The pelvic examination revealed the typical prolapsed fimbrial end of a fallopian tube in 3 cases and the other 6 cases revealed red granulation tissue.All of them were excised vaginally and cauterized.The results were proved by pathological examination.No recurrence was reported during follow-up.Conclusions FTP is a rare complication after hysterectomy.The prognosis is well after proper diagnosis and treatment.Fixation of accessories onto the pelvic wall and complete peritonealization at the time of hysterectomy are the most important methods to prevent FTP after hysterectomy.Keywords：fallopian tube prolapse;hysterectomy;diagnosis;treatment;prevention4|6|1Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To evaluate the missing diagnosis of neck metastases by routine detecting method （palpation combined with one pathological slide） in laryngeal carcinomas.Methods Sixty-six specimens of neck dissections were collected and observed by routine method, transparent method, and continuous sliding method.Results Totally, 1153 lymph nodes were detected by palpation method and another 1204 lymph nodes were detected by transparent method.The lymph nodes detected by transparent method account for 51.1% of the total, and among them 10 metastases were found, which account for 15.6%（10/64） of metastatic lymph nodes.For those with no metastasis detected by routine method, 50 μm interval continuous sliding method was performed, and 14 tiny metastases were found, which account for 21.9%（14/64） of metastatic lymph nodes.Detecting by routine method, most lymph nodes （95%） were in tumor growth and tumor suffusion stage.The missing diagnosis rate of routine method was 37.5%（24/64）.Conclusions When routine method was used to detect lymph nodes in neck specimens, missing diagnosis should be considered to select best therapy.Through transparent method small lymph nodes could be found and it is a valuable method to observe pathological changes of small nodes.Continuous sliding method could find micrometastasis precisely, but the work burden is heavy and it is difficult to be widely used.Keywords：laryngeal carcinomas;lymph node;metastases4|10|0Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To explore the mechanisms of differentiation and development of pancreatic endocrine cells as well as pancreatic regeneration.Methods Human embryonic pancreatic tissue at 7-14 weeks of gestation was collected.Diabetes mellitus rat model was induced with 65 mg/kg of streptozotocin.Insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, nestin, and cytokeratin 19 （CK19） of pancreatic tissues were observed by immunohistochemistry.Results At 9 weeks of gestation, pancreatic epithelial cells began to co-express insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and CK19 before migration.Islet cells gradually congregated along with the increase of aging, and at 14 weeks of gestation histological examination showed islet formation.At 12 weeks of gestation, nestin-positive cells could be seen in the pancreatic mesenchyme.During early embryogenesis, islet cells of pancreatic ducts co-expressed insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin.During pancreatic regeneration after damage, nestin expression of islet cells increased.Conclusion In the early stage of embryogenesis, islet cells of primary pancreatic ducts can be differentiated to multipotential endocrine cells before migration.During tissue regeneration, pancreatic stem cells may differentiate and proliferate to form pancreatic islet.Keywords：β-cells;islet formation;differentiation;diabetic model;regeneration;stem cells4|22|9Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To determine whether transforming growth factor betal （TGF-β1）/Smad signaling pathway mediates p53-dependent apoptosis in hepatoma cell lines.Methods Three human hepatic carcinoma cell lines, HepG2, Huh-7, and Hep3B, were used in this study.TGF-β1-induced apoptosis in hepatic carcinoma cell lines was analyzed using TUNEL assay.For identifying the mechanism of apoptosis induced by TGF-β1, cell lines were transfected with a TGF-β1-inducible luciferase reportor plasmid containing Smad4 binding elements.After transfection, cells were treated with TGF-β1, then assayed for luciferase activity.Results The apoptosis rate of HepG2 cell lines （48.51%± 8.21%） was significantly higher than control （ 12.72%±2.18%, P<0.05）.But TGF-β1 was not able to induce apoptosis of Huh-7 and Hep3B cell lines.The relative luciferase activity of TGF-β1-treated HepG2 cell lines （4.38） was significantly higher than control （1.00, P< 0.05）.But the relative luciferase activity of TGF-β1-treated Huh-7 and Hep3B cell lines less increased compared with control.Conclusions HepG2 cells seem to be highly susceptible to TGF-β1-induced apoptosis compared with Hep3B and Huh-7 cell lines.Smad4 is a central mediator of TGF-β1 signaling transdution pathway.TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway might mediate p53-dependent apoptosis in hepatoma cell lines.Keywords：transforming growth factor-β1;apoptosis;hepatoma cell line;signal transduction pathway4|80|5Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To investigate whether extracellular signal-regulated kinase （ERK1/2） was involved in changes of vascular smooth muscle cell （VSMC） under hypertension.Methods Two-kidney one clip Wistar hypertensive rats （WHR） were sacrificed and their right kidneys were harvested 4 weeks after surgery.The spontaneously hypertensive rats （SHR） were divided into 4, 8, and 16 weeks old groups （SHR4w, SHR8w, and SHR16w）, respectively.The control group were sham operated age-matched Wistar rats.Immunohistochemical technique and Western blotting were applied to study ERK1/2 protein expression in VSMC of the renal vascular trees in WHR, SHR, and control rats.Results Blood pressure in two-kidney one clip WHR obviously increased at one week after surgery, and reached to 198.00±33.00 mm Hg at the end of experiment, significantly higher than that in the control rats （P<0.01）.Blood pressure in SHR4w （108.00±11.25 mm Hg） was similar to that in the controls.However, it rose to 122.25±21.75 mm Hg in SHR8w, and even up to 201.75±18.00 mm Hg in SHR16w, which were significantly higher than that of both the SHR4w and the controls （P<0.01）.The rate and degree of glomerular fibrosis in WHR were significantly higher than controls （P<0.05）.Hyaline degeneration of the afferent arterioles was found in WHR.In contrast, either fibrosis of glomerulus or hyaline degeneration of the arterioles or protein casts was not observed in SHR4w, SHR8w, and SHR16w.Immunohistochemical staining results showed expression of ERK1 was similar to that of ERK2.The positive rates of ERK2 staining in VSMC of afferent arterioles, interlobular, interlobar, and arcuate arteries in two-kidney one clip WHR were significantly higher （7.09%±1.75%, 14.57%±4.58%, 29.44%±7.35%, and 13.63%±3.85%, respectively） than that of the controls（P<0.01）.The positive rates of ERK2 staining in VSMC at afferent arterioles, interlobular, interlobar, and arcuate arteries in SHR16w were significantly higher （12.09%±1.40%, 24.17%±6.92%, 32.44%±4.05%, and 18.61%±3.35%, respectively） than that of the controls （P<0.01）, too.The expression of ERK1/2 protein of kidney in WHR and SHR16w was significantly higher than that in the controls by Western blotting assay （P<0.01）.Conclusion Extracellular signal transduction system are highly expressed in kidney VSMC of two-kidney one clip WHR and SHR.Phospho-ERK1/2 may play an important role in VSMC hypertrophy and hyperplasia under hypertension.Keywords：hypertension;vascular smooth muscle cell;extracellular signal-regulated kinase4|26|0Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To evaluate the outcome of two methods for stabilization and fusion: posterolateral fusion and circumferential fusion involving posterior lumbar interbody fusion for lumbar stenosis with Grades 1 and 2 lumbar spondylolisthesis.Methods From April 1998 to April 2003, 45 patients suffering from lumbar stenosis with low degree lumbar spondylolisthesis treated in our hospital were retrospectively reviewed and assigned to two groups.Among them, 24 patients （group A） were treated with instrumented posterolateral fusion and 21 patients （group B） with instrumented circumferential fusion.The two groups were compared for clinical and radiological outcomes.Results All patients were followed up for 12 to 72 months.In group A, results showed preoperative clinical symptoms disappeared completely in 12 of 24 patients, and pain relief was seen in 91.7% （22/24）.Two cases suffered from residual symptoms.Twenty-two cases obtained complete reduction of olisthy vertebral bodies, and anatomical reduction rate was 91.7%.No infection or neurological complication occurred in this group.In group B, results showed preoperative clinical symptoms disappeared completely in 13 of 21 patients, and pain relief was seen in 90.5% （19/21）.One case suffered from residual symptoms.Twenty cases obtained complete reduction of the olisthy vertebral bodies, and anatomical reduction rate was 95.2%.Four cases of infection or neurological complication occurred in this group.Both groups indicated no significant difference in clinical outcomes and anatomical reduction rate during follow-up.But group A had better intraoperative circumstances and postoperative outcome than group B, while group B had better postoperative parameters in X-ray of Angle of Slipping and Disc Index than group A.Conclusions The first choice of surgical method for lumbar stenosis with low degree lumbar spondylolisthesis is instrumented posterolateral fusion.Only when patients suffer from severe preoperative disc degeneration and low back pain or intervertebral instability should we consider indications for additional use of CAGE.Keywords：lumbar vertebra;lumbar stenosis;spondylolisthesis;transpedicle internal fixation;CAGE4|28|1Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To investigate the corrective results of congenital scoliosis with type II split spinal cord malformation.Methods By reviewing the medical records and roentgenograms of congenital scoliosis patients with type II split spinal cord malformation that underwent corrective surgery, septum location and length, curve type, coronal and sagittal Cobb’s angles, apical vertebral rotation and translation, and trunk shift were measured and analyzed.Results A total of 23 congenital scoliosis patients with type II split spinal cord malformation were studied, 6 cases were due to failure of segmentation, 8 cases due to failure of formation, and the remaining 9 cases due to mixed defects.The fibrous septums were located in the thoracic spine in 8 patients, lumbar spine in 4 patients, thoracic and lumbar spine in 10 patients, and from cervical to lumbar spine in 1 patient.The septum extended an average of 4.9 segments.Corrective surgeries included anterior correction with instrumentation in 2 patients, posterior correction with instrumentation in 11 patients, anterior release and posterior correction with instrumentation in 6 patients, anterior and posterior resection of the hemivertebra and posterior correction with instrumentation in 4 patients.The pre- and postoperative coronal Cobb’s angles, apical vertebral translations, apical vertebral rotations, trunk shifts were 61.9° and 32.5°（P<0.001）, 48.9 mm and 31.5 mm （P<0.001）, 1.2 and 1.1, 12.7 mm and 8.2 mm, respectively.The average correction rate of coronal Cobbs angle was 47.5%.The sagittal balance was also well improved.The fibrous septums were all left in situ. There was no neurological complication.Conclusion For congenital scoliosis with type II split spinal cord malformation, positive correction results with no neurological complication may be obtained without resection of the fibrous septum.Keywords：scoliosis;spinal dysraphism;congenital disorders;spinal cord myelodysplasia4|27|1Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To evaluate the value of X-ray and spiral computed tomography （SCT） in the diagnosis of Swyer-James syndrome （SJS）.Methods A total of 28 patients, 12 males and 16 females, were studied retrospectively.Ages ranged from 11 to 57 years, the mean age was 32 years.All patients underwent inspiratory chest X-ray films, 5 with expiratory chest films and 1 with bronchogram.Furthermore, inspiratory and expiratory SCT scans were performed.The SCT findings were analyzed and compared with X-ray films.Results SCT demonstrated 56 lobes with hyperlucency and diminished vascularity.The size of 51 lobes were smaller and 5 were normal.X-ray films showed that hyperlucency was only in 29 lobes, in which 19 lobes were small-sized and the other 10 lobes normal.There were 56 lobes with air-trapping on expiratory SCT scans, but only 5 lobes with air-trapping on expiratory X-ray films.Bronchogram in 1 case demonstrated bronchiectasis and bronchiolitis obliterans.SCT showed 24 patients with bronchiectasis, 9 patients with tuberculosis, 10 patients with bronchiolitis, and 2 with segmental collapse.Conclusion SCT scan is superior to chest radiography in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of SJS.Keywords：emphysema;lung;computed tomography;Swyer-James syndrome4|35|1Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To investigate the changes of perioperative serum levels of interleukin-6（IL-6）, C-reactive protein （CRP）, and cortisol, as well as gastric intramucosal pH （pHi） and plasma lactate, aiming to compare systemic changes and tissue perfusion during colorectal and orthopaedic surgical procedures. Methods Twenty patients were randomly assigned to two groups, 10 cases of operation on vertebral canal, 10 cases of colorectal radical operation.Venous blood was drawn at 1 day before operation, 2, 4, and 6 hours following skin incision, and 1 day after operation, in order to measure serum IL-6, CRP, and cortisol.pHi and plasma lactate were also measured at the same time points.Results Serum concentrations of IL-6 and cortisol increased gradually following operation, reaching the peak value at 6 hours from the beginning of operation.CRP was not detectable until the first day after operation.Peak concentration of IL-6 had positive relationship with CRP.These variables changed more significantly in colorectal group than that in orthopaedic group （P<0.05）.pHi decreased gradually, reaching the lowest level at 4 hours from the beginning of operation, and to more extent in colorectal group than that in orthopaedic group （P<0.05）.Conclusion IL-6 may reflect tissue damage more sensitively than CRP.Colorectal surgery might induce systemic disorder to more extent, in terms of immuno-endocrinal aspect as well as tissue perfusion, reflected with pHi.Keywords：interleukin-6;C-reactive protein;gastric intramucosal pH;surgical procedure4|22|3Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：SPONTANEOUS neonatal gastric perforation （SNGP） is a rare and life-threatening disease, which has a high mortality rate.This study retrospectively reported 23 cases of SNGP treated in the Department of Pediatric Surgery of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from January 1993 to December 2003, and briefly discussed the diagnosis, treatment, and possible etiology.Keywords：gastric perforation;neonate;surgery4|14|0Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：COARCTATION of the aorta （CoA） is a congenital heart defect involving a narrowing of the aorta.The narrowed segment called coarctation is most likely to happen in the segment just after the aortic arch.The narrowing can be removed by surgery or sometimes by a nonsurgical balloon dilation.However, aortic coarctation may recur even after successful surgery or balloon dilation.Fortunately, coarctation can now be treated with nonsurgical balloon dilation associated with implanting a stent using cardiac catheterization.Herein we reported our experience in a 19-year-old boy with CoA who underwent successful covered Cheatham-Platinum （CP） stent implantation for the coarctation.Keywords：covered stent;coarctation of the aorta;catheter intervention4|19|0Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：The purpose of this study was to investigate the proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA） expression of preserved spleen in rabbits when pneumonia diplococcus suspension was administered after partial splenectomy using microwaver coagulator.Eighteen rabbits were randomly divided into two groups.Twelve rabbits received partial splenectomy using microwave coagulation （PSM group）, the other 6 rabbits received shum operation （SO group）.The WGZ-2 type microwave hemostasis machine was provided by the Department of Electrology, Dalian University of Technology.The frequency was 2450 MHz with antenna implants, and the action time was 20-30 seconds every time.Pneumonia diplococcus was clinical separation strain.4|16|0Updated：2024-04-10
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