Latest Issue
Volume ， Issue 2 ， 2007
- Abstract：Objective To provide basis of reference values for relevant parameters of Chinese Reference Man. Methods Eighteen kinds of major organ or tissue samples, including muscle, rib, liver, and so on, were obtained from 4 areas （Hebei, Shanxi, Jiangsu, and Sichuan provinces） with different dietary patterns in China in autopsy of 16 healthy adult men, who had just encountered sudden deaths. At the same time, whole blood samples were collected from 10 volunteers living in each of these areas. The concentrations of 56 elements in these samples were detected by using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry （ICP-MS）, Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry （ICP-AES）, and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry （GF-AAS） techniques. Based on obtained concentrations and reference values of these organ or tissue weights for Chinese Reference Man, the relative elemental burdens in these organs or tissues as well whole body were also estimated. Results The concentrations of 56 elements in 18 main organs or tissues were determined all together and their elemental organ or tissue and whole body burdens were estimated. Furthermore, the distributions of important elements for radiation protection in these organs or tissues were emphatically discussed. Conclusion By summing with past related results, the total results obtained from the series of research may provide more reliable and better representative basis of these reference values for Chinese Reference Man than before.4|22|1Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To investigate the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease （PAD） in China type 2 diabetic patients and to demonstrate the relationships between putative risk factors and PAD. Methods In total 1 397 type 2 diabetic patients aged 50 years and older were enrolled and determined ankle-brachial index （ABI） and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity （baPWV） in 15 Class III Grade A hospitals in 7 major cities of China. Results Mean patient age was 63.7±8.2 years and mean duration of diabetes mellitus was 9.39±7.4 years. Two hundreds and seventy-two （19.47%） patients were diagnosed as PAD by ABI <0.9, 122 （18.37%） in male and 150 （20.46%） in female. PAD patients had a significantly longer duration of diabetes mellitus, higher hemoglobin Alc, and a significantly lower mean body mass index than non-PAD ones. Aging, smoking, and systolic blood pressure were found to be positively related with the prevalence of PAD. In terms of lipid profiles, no variable was found to relate with PAD. Notably, baPWV showed as the same significant guiding index for PAD, almost matched with ABI. Conclusions PAD is a common complication in China type 2 diabetic patients. Therefore, PAD screening and treatment should be emphasized for diabetic patients with high risk factors.4|45|66Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To evaluate the feasibility of pulse transit time （PTT） arousals as an index of sleep fragmentation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome （OSAHS）. Methods Individuals referred for evaluation of possible OSAHS underwent overnight polysomnography （PSG）. Three conventional indices of sleep fragmentation [electroencephalography （EEG） arousals, apnea/hypopnea index （AHI）, oxygen desaturation index （ODI）], PTT arousals, and Epworth sleepiness scale （ESS） were compared. Results PTT arousals were positively correlated with EEG arousals （r= 0.746, P<0.001）, AHI （r= 0.786, P<0.001）, and ODI （r= 0.665, P<0.001）, respectively. But, both PTT arousals and EEG arousals had no correlation with ESS （r= 0.432, P=0.201; r= 0.196, P=0.591, respectively）. Conclusion PTT arousals are correlated well with other standard measures estimating severity of OSAHS and potentially a non-invasive marker with which to measure the sleep fragmentation in patients with OSAHS.4|18|1Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin for advanced breast cancer （ABC）. Methods From January 2001 to March 2006, 45 patients with ABC were treated with combination chemotherapy of paclitaxel and carboplatin. Patients received infusion of paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 on day 1 every 3 weeks or 75 mg/m2 on day 1, 8, 15 every 4 weeks. Carboplatin was administrated on day 2 with a dose of area under the time-concentration curve （AUC） being 5. Results The median number of cycles was 3 （range, 2-6）. The overall response rate was 62.2%. Median time to progression was 7.0 months （95%CI:5.1-8.9）. Median overall survival was 29.0 months （95%CI: 20.1-37.9）. One year survival rate was 73.3%. Response rate for first line and second line treatment were 62.1% and 62.5%, respectively. No significant difference in response existed between visceral metastasis and soft tissue metastasis. The main side effects included nausea/vomiting, neurotoxicity, and hematologic toxicities. Grade Ⅲ to Ⅳ adverse events included nausea/vomiting in 2 cases （4.4%）, leukopenia in 17 cases （37.8%）, and alopecia in 6 cases （13.3%）. Conclusion Combination of paclitaxel and carboplatin is active in treatment of ABC with an acceptable toxicity profile.4|18|1Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of advanced colorectal cancer which was 30 mm or smaller in diameter. Methods Retrospective analysis documented 80 patients with small advanced colorectal cancer from May 1985 to May 2002. According to the diameter of tumors, all patients were divided into three groups: Group A （10 mm or less）, Group B （11-20 mm）, Group C （21-30 mm）. Considering the number of patients in Group A was smaller, we combined Group A with Group B as Group D. Then various clinicopathological characteristics were compared between Group C and Group D. Results The most common site of small advanced colorectal cancer was sigmoid colon and rectum that accounted for 36.2% and 35.0% of all cases. The average diameter of total tumors was 23.3 mm. Type 2 was the most common macroscopic type （63.7%） and the moderate differentiation was seen in 77.5% of cases. Thirty-eight （47.5%） cases had lymph node metastasis. Three （3.8%） cases had liver metastasis and three （3.8%） cases had peritoneal metastasis. The frequency of lymph node metastasis was found significantly different between Group C and Group D （54.2% vs. 28.6%, P<0.05）, as well as between the groups with different depth of invasion （P<0.05）. Curability A resection was performed in 69 （86.2%） cases. Conclusions Tumor size and depth of invasion are related to lymph node metastasis in small advanced colorectal cancer. However, the small size of tumor may not always be a.reliable parameter for estimating the risk of lymph node metastasis. Small colorectal cancers also do not always mean the early stage. Surgeons should be aware of the features of small advanced colorectal cancers to select ideal management and perform perfect resection.4|21|0Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To compare outcomes of patients undergoing either open or endoscopic carpal tunnel release for the treatment of idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome. Methods A prospective, randomized study was performed on 70 hands in 62 patients with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome from April 2000 to April 2004. Either open （36 hands in 30 patients） or endoscopic （34 hands in 32 patients） carpal tunnel release was performed randomly. Symptom improvement, complications, and the time of operation, in-hospital stay, and return to work between the two groups were assessed with average 2 years of follow-up. The electromyography was tested pre- and 3 months post-operation. Results There were no significant differences between the two surgical groups with regard to postoperative improvements of symptom, electromyography tests, and the incidence of complications. But it was statistically less in the rate of scar tenderness, the time of operation, in-hospital stay, and return to work in the endoscopic group compared with the open group （P<0.05）. Conclusions The endoscopic carpal tunnel release is a reliable method in the treatment of idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome. And it has the advantages of slight scar tenderness, less operation time, less in-hospital stay, early functional recovery, safety, and high satisfaction rate compared with open methods.4|33|3Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of peripheral CD34+ cell mobilization in patients with severe autoimmune disease. Methods Forty-two patients underwent a total of 46 mobilizations by the regimen of cyclophosphamide 2-3 g/m2 +recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor （rhG-CSF） 5 μg·kg-1·d-1. The positive selection of CD34+ cell was performed through the CliniMACS. Results In 8.1±2.3 days after administration of cyclophosphamide, the peripheral white blood cell and mononuclear cell （MNC） decreased to the lowest level. In 3.7±1.6 days after injection of rhG-CSF, the peripheral absolute MNC and CD34+ cell counts were 0.95×109/L and 0.035×109/L, respectively. After 2.4±0.6 times of leukapheresis, there gained 4.46×108/kg of MNC and 5.26×106/kg of CD34+, respectively. After mobilization, the underlying diseases were ameliorated more or less. In systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE） patients, SLE Disease Activity Index （SLEDAI） decreased from a median of 17 to 3 （P<0.01）. In rheumatic arthritis patients, an American College of Rheumatology criteria for 20%（ACR20） response was achieved in all five patients. Totally, 17.4% of patients whose absolute neutrophil count <0.5×109/L suffered infection, and 31.0% of patients had bone pain after the injection of rhG-CSF. Two patients suffered severe complications, one with acute renal failure and recovered by hemodialysis, the other died of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Failed mobilization occurred in three patients. Conclusions Sufficient CD34+ cells can be mobilized by low dose of cyclophosphamide and rhG-CSF. CD34+ cell mobilization for treatment of severe autoimmune disease not only is appropriate in both effectiveness and safety but ameliorates disease also.4|21|0Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To construct adeno-associated virus （AAV） expression system for transforming growth factor β3 （TGFβ3） and detect its biological effect on proteoglycan synthesis of the earlier and later dedifferentiated rabbit lumbar disc nucleus pulpous （NP） cells, which was compared with that of adenovirus （AV） expression system for TGFβ1. Methods TGFβ3 gene was obtained using PCR. Its upstream contained restriction enzyme site Kpn Ⅰ, and its downstream contained restriction enzyme site SalⅠ. Using the restriction enzyme sites of PCR product of TGFβ3 and the corresponding multiple cloning site （MCS） in plasmid AAV, TGFβ3 was subcloned into AAV. The recombinant plasmid AAV-TGFβ3 was transfected into H293 cells with LipofectamineTM 2000, and the expression of TGFβ3 gene was detected using immunofluorescent analysis. After AAV-TGFβ3 virus particle with infectious activity was packaged, TGFβ3 expression in NP cells was detected by immunoblotting, and its biological effect on proteoglycan synthesis was detected by antonopulos method and compared with that of AV-TGFβ1 in the earlier and later dedifferentiated NP cells. Results For the earlier dedifferentiated NP cells, AAV-TGFβ3 slowly and stably enhanced proteoglycan synthesis, but AV-TGFβ1 rapidly and transiently enhanced its synthesis. For the later dedifferentiated NP cells, AAV-TGFβ3 stably enhanced proteoglycan synthesis, but AV-TGFβ1 inhibited its synthesis. Conclusion AAV expression system can mediate TGFβ3 gene to be expressed stably, and AAV-TGFβ3 can enhance proteoglycan synthesis of the earlier and later dedifferentiated NP cells.4|20|4Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To explore the feasibility and safety of gene transfer into porcine myocardium via the pericardial cavity by a homemade easy device. Methods Replication-deficient recombinant adenoviral vector carrying LacZ report gene （Ad-LacZ） was constructed by the calcium phosphate precipitation method. Twelve healthy Chinese mini-swine were randomly divided into experimental group （n=6） and control group （n=6）. Acute myocardial infarction （AMI） model was established by balloon occlusion of the distal part of D1 branch of left anterior descending （LAD） artery, at the same time the intra-pericardial cavity injections were performed through the small incision of the abdominal wall below the xyphoid appendix using a homemade device. Then gene transfer was performed using a central venous catheter. The pericardium was pretreated with injection of a mixture of collagenase （1 200 U） and hyaluronidase （3 000 U） in both groups. Then 2.0×109 plaque formation unit （PFU） Ad-LacZ was injected into the pericardial cavity in experimental group, while 1 mL of normal saline was injected in the control group. The β-galactosidase activity detection and X-gal staining of the ischemic myocardium were performed on the 3rd, 7th, and 28th day after injection. Results The LAD artery was occluded completely and infarction and ischemia were detected by histological assessment. In experimental group, the X-gal staining positive cells and β-galactosidase activity quantification were detectable on the 3rd day after injection, increased markedly on the 7th day, and then declined on the 28th day. The transfer efficiencies indicated by the positive myocardial cells were 16.7%, 45.6%, 22.8% on the 3rd, 7th, 28th day, respectively. In control group, no positive cells and β-galactosidase activity were observed. Conclusion Adenovirus can be transferred into ischemic myocardium and express target gene in the AMI model for four weeks with the homemade easy device via pericardial cavity pretreated by collagenase and hyaluronidase.4|14|0Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To examine whether ischemic preconditioning （IPC） can protect neuron against delayed death in CA1 subfield of hippocampus following reperfusion of a lethal ischemia in rats, and explore the role of p53 and bax in this process. Methods We examined the effect of IPC on delayed neuron death, neuron apoptosis, expressions of p53 and bax gene in the CA1 area of hippocampus in the rats using HE staining, flow cytometry, RT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry technique. Results IPC enhanced the quantity of survival cells in the CA1 region of hippocampus （216±9 cells/0.72 mm2 vs. 30±5 cells/0.72 mm2, P<0.01）, decreased the percentages of apoptotic neurons of hippocampus caused by ischemia/reperfusion （2.06%±0.21% vs. 4.27%±0.08%, P<0.01）, and weakened the expressions of p53 and bax gene of hippocampus compared with ischemia/reperfusion without IPC. Conclusion IPC can protect the neurons in the CA1 region of hippocampus against apoptosis caused by ische- mia/reperfusion, and this process may be related to the reduced expressions of p53 and bax.4|20|9Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To investigate the quantities of bone marrow CD5+ B lymphocytes in the patients with autoimmune hemocytopenia and the relationship between quantities of CD5+ B lymphocytes and clinical or laboratorial parameters. Methods Quantities of CD5+ B lymphocytes in the bone marrow of 14 patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia （AIHA） or Evans syndrome, 22 immunorelated pancytopenia （IRP） patients, and 10 normal controls were assayed by flow cytometry. The correlation between their clinical or laboratorial parameters and CD5+ B lymphocytes was analyzed. Results The quantity of CD5+ B lymphocytes of AIHA/Evans syndrome （34.64%±19.81%） or IRP patients （35.81%±16.83%） was significantly higher than that of normal controls （12.00%±1.97%, P<0.05）. However, there was no significant difference between AIHA/Evans syndrome and IRP patients （P>0.05）. In all hemocytopenic patients, the quantity of bone marrow CD5+ B lymphocytes showed significantly negative correlation with serum complement C3 level （r=-0.416, P<0.05）. In the patients with AIHA/Evans syndrome, the quantity of bone marrow CD5+ B lymphocytes showed significantly positive correlation with serum indirect bilirubin level （r=1.00, P<0.05）. In Evans syndrome patients, the quantity of CD5+ B lymphocytes in bone marrow showed significantly positive correlation with platelet-associated immunoglobulin G （r=0.761, P<0.05） and platelet-associated immunoglobulin M （r=0.925, P<0.05）. The quantity of CD5+ B lymphocytes in bone marrow of all hemocytopenic patients showed significantly negative correlation with treatment response （tau-b=-0.289, P<0.05）, but had no correlation with colony forming unit-erythroid （r=-0.205, P>0.05） or colony forming unit-granulocyte-macrophage colonies （r=-0.214, P>0.05）. Conclusions The quantity of bone marrow CD5+ B lymphocytes in the patients with autoimmune hemocytopenia significantly increases and is correlated with disease severity and clinical response, which suggest that CD5+ B lymphocytes might play an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune hemocytopenia.4|15|16Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：Objective To evaluate the changes in blood pressure （BP） of elderly hypertensive patients having dental extraction under sedation with continuous intravenous infusion of midazolam. Methods One hundred elderly hypertensive patients undergoing dental extraction were recruited for this single-blind, randomized, controlled study. Patients in intervention group （n=50） were given midazolam dissolved in glucose solution and patients in control group （n=50） were given glucose solution only with communication technique. Systolic BP （SBP） and diastolic BP （DBP） were recorded in five time points. Results Under basal conditions, intervention group did not show significant difference in BP compared with control group. Before sedation, mean values of SBP and DBP （especially SBP） significantly increased compared with basal conditions in both groups （P<0.05）. During dental extraction sessions, mean values of BP in intervention group significantly decreased than control group （P<0.05）, but coefficient of variation did show significant difference in both groups. Conclusion Continuous intravenous infusion of midazolam has been proved to be very successful in controlling BP of elderly patients having dental extraction.4|35|2Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：<正>THE incidence of isolated right heart infective endocarditis （IE） is far less common than that of left heart. Clinical presentation is often associated with pulmonary manifestations. The main symptoms include high fever, chest pain, and dyspnea due to septic pulmonary emboli. Degenerative valvular disease, congenital heart diseases, prosthetic valves, long-term hemodialysis, diabetes mellitus predispose patients at increased risk of IE.1 In young persons, IE may be associated with intravenous drug abuse.2 This report dealt with a young patient who had none of the risk factors mentioned above. He was diagnosed and treated for lung abscess and septemia for one and a half months. Further investigation unveiled infective vegetation on tricuspid valve. Following surgical resection of the vegetation, fever and respiratory symptoms completely remitted. The mechanism of the IE occurred on the normal native tricuspid valve is proposed.4|17|0Updated：2024-04-10
- Abstract：<正>People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.4|9|0Updated：2024-04-10
- © 2024 Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences 京ICP备09064830号-19
京公网安备11010802024621 - It is recommended to read the content of this site in Chrome&IE9+. Please switch to extreme mode in browser 360.
- Cookies We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. By continuing, you agree to the use of cookies.
0